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#1 Posted : 19 July 2002 08:46:00(UTC)
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Posted By Malcolm Earl Multi- Plugs. Can anyone provide some information on Multi Plug adapters. A department in the company I work for has 4 plug multi-adapters plugged in to other adapters. Can any one give me a regulation or guidance that I can quote to stop this practice.
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#2 Posted : 19 July 2002 09:03:00(UTC)
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Posted By Roger Smith Malcolm, The Regulation that i would go for is the Workplace (Fire Precautions) Regs. It sounds as though you may have up to sixteen electrical appliances running off of one socket. You (or rather the dept in question) are running the risk of overheating and fire within the extension lead or even the wall socket itself. Get them to unplug some stuff straight away before they need to call out the fire brigade. Roger
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#3 Posted : 19 July 2002 09:11:00(UTC)
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Posted By stephen j mills Malcolm, You need Regulation 5 of the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 - 'No electrical equipment shall be put into use where its strength and capability may be exceeded in such a way as may give rise to danger'. Clearly there is every possibility that the capability of this equipment may be exceeded. There should be a socket provided for each separate piece of electrical equipment in use in the workplace.
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#4 Posted : 19 July 2002 09:37:00(UTC)
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Posted By Malcolm Earl Thanks for your help guys. I have looked up the Electricity at Work Regulations Reg 5 and will use this in my report.
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#5 Posted : 19 July 2002 09:38:00(UTC)
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Posted By George Wedgwood Malcolm, all devices should be protected by an 'efficient means' of preventing excess of current. (Reg11) and good advice is that all devices should also have provision to be isolated at the source or origin. That simply means that, where possible, each device should be adequately fused or protected by a miniature circuit breaker against a device failure causing overcurrent. Additionally, if that device could cause danger by virtue of its proximity to other conducting parts, a residual current circuit breaker should be used to protect against faults such as the earthing metalwork becoming live on contact with the neutral or live conductor. Good simple advice can be sourced in the HSE "Essentials of Health and Safety at Work" booklet (ISBN 0-7176-0716-X) and I quote; " * provide enough socket outlets, if necessary, by using a multi-plug socket block - overloading sockets by using adapters can cause a fire. * fuses, circuit breakers and other devices must be correctly rated for the circuit they protect. * there must be a switch or isolator near each fixed machine to cut off power in an emergency. * the mains switches must be readily accessible and clearly identified." This is general advice and remember - if it looks bad, then is most probably is! Encourage your managers to install distribution trunking for office and workshop mains supplies, fitted with a good supply of socket outlets and independent protection, to cater for all perceived devices that need to be connected. Also have a check on the manufacturer's recommended fusing levels and compare that with what has been fitted - you may get a surprise! Correct any fuses that are wrong and write a short guidance note for managers to follow, in respect of electrical safety - also pin it on the wall. Ensure you have a competent person who can do these things and provide suitable advice when managers need new equipment installing or supplies increased. This person can be any good craftsperson who has undergone some basic electrical safety awareness training (preferably on a recognised course) and ensure he/she is the only one allowed to make original connections and give advice on the supply capability of the office electrical system. I hope this helps but do read some of the HSE Electrical guidance documents when you get time. George
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#6 Posted : 19 July 2002 10:00:00(UTC)
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Posted By Helen Rideout Malcolm, Another angle you might like to explore is the insurance aspect. When I used to work in safety, we had our annual inspection by our insurers who told me that the use of multi plugs invalidated our insurance cover. So if mentioning the law doesn't help,it may be worth checking the position with your insureres. Regards Helen
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#7 Posted : 19 July 2002 10:15:00(UTC)
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Posted By Simon Wilkins Whilst not condoning the practice, it will not lead to any overloading or overheating unless someone has changed fuse values. The three pin plug on an extension lead is fused to protect that lead (usually 13A for the heavier cables, 3 or 5A for lighter cables). Therefore, however many other adaptor leads are plugged into the first, the total current drawn cannot be higher than the rating of that first lead, or its fuse will blow. Similarly, the 13A fuse in the first plug will protect the wall socket, which in any case is fed by a 30A cable. I don't know whether the leads in the example quoted were put together to get length, or more likely to get enough outlets for computers etc. If the latter case, then Belkin and other firms produce 6 and 8 way adapters, properly fused and with optional surge protection. They can also be fixed to a skirting board or desk to reduce the liklehood of trips. Any of the usual electrical or IT distributors have them. You may well find it quicker and easier to organise this type of solution than to get more wall outlets provided.
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#8 Posted : 19 July 2002 11:38:00(UTC)
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Posted By Laurie Sorry Simon, but I have known the first fuse fail, or rather fail to fail, causing the main circuit breaker to blow. Under some circumstances this would be a serious fire risk Laurie
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#9 Posted : 19 July 2002 12:43:00(UTC)
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Posted By Paul Leadbetter A fuses is designed to blow quickly when a fault results in an instantaneous current well in excess of its rated capacity. However, when daisychaining extension sockets, the capacity of the fuse plugged into the wall socket can be exceeded (by a large margin) if the current is increased stepwise as more appliances are plugged in. Most people will assume that a fuse will blow if its rating is exceeded but I have found plugs too hot to touch as a result of this practice. Of course, if the whole daisychain is turned off at the wall, and then turned on again, the large current now flowing may be enough to blow the fuse as it is applied across the fuse instantaneously. Regards Paul Leadbetter
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#10 Posted : 19 July 2002 16:21:00(UTC)
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Posted By Jane Blunt As regards the fuse - we regularly demonstrate to students that you cannot rely on a fuse to prevent you from overloading your system. The average fuse can, with care, be made to carry twice, and sometimes three times its rated current. Daisy chaining can not only lead to overloading, but if there is more than one daisychain in the room, it can make it almost impossible to discover what is switched off at which socket outlet. (thus violating the requirements of the Electricity at work regulations). Jane
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#11 Posted : 19 July 2002 21:42:00(UTC)
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Posted By Ken Taylor Additionally this practice can lead to loose connections - which can become hot, arc and spark, cause unsafe intermittent machine operation, etc.
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#12 Posted : 21 July 2002 16:27:00(UTC)
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Posted By Nigel Singleton BSc It is now possible to purchase a multi plug strip that shows the current drain using an LED scale. This would immediately show the amount of current passing through the system.
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#13 Posted : 22 July 2002 13:07:00(UTC)
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Posted By Diane Warne Just a thought - is there a friendly electrician within the company who can support your case? Sometimes people will listen to someone like that much more readily than they will listen to a safety adviser! If this continues to be a problem, how about getting the excessive/inappropriate use of adaptors/extension cables prohibited by company policy? Then you won't have to resort to quoting regulations.
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#14 Posted : 23 July 2002 11:32:00(UTC)
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Posted By Phil Balsdon One adverse factor which no one has appreciated is that 'daisy chaining' extension leads will increase the resistance of the earth path. The earth path resistance will increase both with the overall length of cable and even more so with each additional plug/socket connection. One of the tests carried out during the PAT testing operation is to measure the earth resistance. On a 13Amp extension the recognised maximum is 0.1 ohms. This is easily exceeded with long extensions or 'daisy chaining'. An increase in the earth path resistance will mean that the protective device i.e. the fuse, will take much longer to 'blow' in the event of a fault to earth. Consequently, a fault in the system would be more likely to cause a fire.
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#15 Posted : 24 July 2002 08:58:00(UTC)
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Posted By Laurie ..... or kill someone! Laurie
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#16 Posted : 24 July 2002 11:41:00(UTC)
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Posted By John Webster Phil's response has just proved the value of this forum (if proof were needed). I'm sure I was not alone in having forgotten the importance of earth impedence as the postings concentrated on overload and fuses. Yet it is good earthing that will save lives if a fault were to make the external parts of a piece of equipment live. Thanks for the reminder, Phil. And a strong technical case for Malcolm to use in his efforts to stop this hazardous practice.
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