Posted By Stuart Nagle
Peter.
Steve wood has hit the nail on the head I think. a confined space is a confined spaces after all said and done...
Entry procedures, with the enphasis on the word 'entry' is fairly standard for the vast majority of confined spaces. It is the safe system of work and permit to work for each confined space that may differ greatly, even with manholes!! they too can be quite different in their construction, depth, means of access (ladders, step irons, footholes etc) and have different hazards in respect of contents, flow rates, location (close to tidal areas - below high tide levels etc) and difficulties in communication.
Each entry needs to be assessed by a 'competent person' who is trained, experienced, and has knowledge of the tasks, methods, procedures, safety and test equipment, the personnel in the entry team as well as the top-man/men and their abilities, and the likely hazards and risks to be encountered.
As I have said before, there are three distict groups of persons who die in confined spaces:
1) Those who know nothing about confined spaces but still enter, oblivious to the risk
2) Those who know (and are often experienced)but have become complacent about the risks due to overfamiliarity, and
3) Those who are trying to rescue others, even though they may be trained and experienced, and who, in the heat of the moment, forget their training and go in unprepared and ill equipped.
Only recently (see HSE website) 4 person perished in a confined space, and even the rescue services are not immune to getting into difficulties in this area.
If you're in doubt about anything, seek advice and make sure all your personnel are fit and well trained - especially in the use of gas monitors and breathing apparatus.