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#1 Posted : 03 September 2007 15:28:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
Under this Act, would prosecution be restricted to the family from a civil sense or would anyone else from an official point of view have an interest if negligence was in fact proven?

Thanks

CFT
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#2 Posted : 04 September 2007 09:02:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tarquin Farquor
CFT,

Could you re-word the question, I don't understand what it is asking.

Regards,

TF
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#3 Posted : 04 September 2007 09:54:00(UTC)
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Posted By Zyggy Turek
CFT

If there is an incident which comes under the OLA, then it is possible that it may have to be reported under RIDDOR as a "non-employee" if there was an act or omission on the part of the Company & the injured party was taken straight to hospital.

In addition, there may be criminal liability under H&SWA S3, i.e. persons not in your employment.

This may then result in enforcement action from either the HSE or Local Authority.

Zyggy.
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#4 Posted : 04 September 2007 10:29:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
To clarify my question further; I have a very large acre site that is currently shut and contains many old industrial units. Power is shut down, foreseeable risks have been assessed and removed as far as possible. I have 24/7 security and a Police interest as perpetrators have broken through the 2 metre high chain link fence and are stealing small quantities of copper wire and pipe work, (as yet they evade capture).

Whilst I would like to think I have every eventuality covered to afford protection to these uninvited visitors, there is always a very small possibility that their subsequent actions could in fact end in electric shock from the act of ripping wiring out from the walls of some buildings.

I am satisfied that I have done all that could be done to remove the hazards, but my underwriters have insisted on power and water remaining to the fire alarms and the sprinkler system, (standard electric pump with back up Perkins diesel engines). There is therefore a remote possibility that the removal of wiring could end in a fatality by hacking out a live circuit; access to the site is across a high speed very busy railway line to the rear of the site and the CCTV is so old it is ineffective. The site will be demolished eventually and new sheds constructed; I am satisfied the signs (both written and pictogram, in several languages) the RA's, security, Police involvement, 2 metre chain link fence, asbestos infested areas boarded up with shuttering ply and blind fixings, (register at type 2 relevant and up-to-date)increased security at night, all non-essential electricity isolated and locked back to trannies, every area padlocked that can be etc etc.

My question therefore was based on what action could be taken against me based on the Occupiers Liability Act 1984 (trespassers)and by whom; I am as satisfied so far as is possible that any subsequent HSE/Police investigation into a fatality would not hold me accountable as I do genuinely feel I have really done all that could be done SFAIRP, yes I could post private security at 50 metre intervals to prevent any access but this is not financially viable nor RP; day time is fine but at night the UV's arrive in force, as soon as the Police arrive or security sit to monitor the half mile area of fence they wait until the coast is clear, one was witnessed wearing night vision goggles of all things and escaped over the railway line, through the hole cut in the fence; I mend it they cut through another section, the escape route is across old flood plains and Police resources will not of course allow for a helicopter to be brought in for what is after all petty theft.

I really just got to wondering what the worst case scenario may have been. I have at least several more months yet to look after the site.

CFT
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#5 Posted : 04 September 2007 10:34:00(UTC)
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Posted By steve e ashton
CFT:

The OLA is a 'hybrid' piece of legalese. It does not impose statutory offences / penalties, and there is no 'enforcement body' responsible for enforcing it - there could be no prosecution identifying breach of the OLA.

What it does do is clarify the the Common Law right of individuals to found a claim for damages, and specify what the common law 'duty of care' requires of the occupier in respect of his duty to maintain his premises in a condition that will not cause injury to third parties..

So - the OLA is 'codified' common law. Which is unusual - the only other one that springs to mind is the Unfair Contract Terms act.

Hope this helps (and is accurate - I'm sure someone will be along to correct me if I'm wrong).

Steve
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#6 Posted : 04 September 2007 11:07:00(UTC)
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Posted By Paul Duell
As far as I can remember, liability for trespassers under OLA depends on "implied licence" - e.g. if you've left a gate wide open, or a damaged fence unrepaired, you're letting people onto your land. If you've taken all the precautions you describe and they can only get in by cutting fences, dodging patrols etc, I'd say they'd find implied licence pretty hard to prove.

Again this is just from memory, but I don't think you can be criminally prosecuted under OLA (although as other have said, don't forget HASAWA section 3). OLA allows those who have suffered loss as a result of your breach to sue - typically this would be IPs or their families, dependents etc. But remember the need for them to prove implied licence as above.

HTH
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#7 Posted : 04 September 2007 11:35:00(UTC)
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Posted By J Knight
Hi Charley,

You should really check out Tomlinson v Congleton MBC on this one; the case concerned swimming & ponds but it has a much wider applicability since the matter at issue was the limited duty of care owed by occupiers to reckless trespassers,

John
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#8 Posted : 04 September 2007 11:41:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
One of the cases I am extremely familiar with due to the fact we have a lake at one of our sites that suffered two fatalities under earlier ownership.

CFT
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#9 Posted : 04 September 2007 12:03:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tarquin Farquor
CFT,

Thanks for the clarification.

If your trespassers are >= 18 yrs then in my own opinion it would appear that you have done all that you reasonably can.

If 18 then the law is a quirky thing and judgements for damages could take many twists and turns.

Regards,

TF
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#10 Posted : 04 September 2007 12:05:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tarquin Farquor
Sorry the 2nd part should read if 18
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#11 Posted : 04 September 2007 14:12:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tarquin Farquor
Hmmm,

It doesn't like the less than symbol.

So, in that case it should read,

If less than 18.

TF
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#12 Posted : 04 September 2007 15:36:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
You have all been most kind, and I thank you for your input.

Chazza
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#13 Posted : 04 September 2007 15:41:00(UTC)
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Posted By Drew
Don't forget there is a higher duty of care required for children, even if they are the ones breaking in!

Cant remember the case but it began with an H v British Railway Board!

So having signs put up all over the place might not be seen as sufficient to protect an unlawful visitor!

Having said that if you have secured the premises as much as you say then you should be well placed to defend any civil action brought against you and criminal action is almost certainly ruled out
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#14 Posted : 04 September 2007 18:57:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
Thanks Drew, a point often overlooked with the younger intruder. I have also visited local schools in the area to warn of the danger in accessing a potentially dangerous and unoccupied site, hopefully my lectures will not tempt them to come from a curiosity standpoint!.

CFT
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#15 Posted : 05 September 2007 08:17:00(UTC)
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Posted By Rob T
Hi CFT,

What it really boils down to is that if a hazard could have been seen to cause harm to a legitimate person on site and causes harm to an illegitimate (I don't mean that in b-word sense but could be applied as such!) person, then you may be found liable in tort. An example could be a manhole cover missing on a walkway. What it does not provide for is a person engaged in a criminal act (trespass is still civil by the way) i.e. ripping out electrical wires for the copper or removing slates from a roof. If however someone has been removing tiles unlawfully and you know of such, you may have a duty to repair - once again in respect of a hypothetical legal person working on the roof.

I hope this helps

Rob
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#16 Posted : 05 September 2007 10:52:00(UTC)
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Posted By Guillaume LeChat
Charlie - From memory the Loss Prevention Council (now covered by the FPA I think)produce a very useful document entitled "The Protection of Unoccupied Buildings" which provide very useful guidance on what is deemed acceptable. I know exactly where you are coming from with repeated attempts to gain access as I am going through exactly the same at present with one of our buildings. Hope you find the above document helps you. Regards
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#17 Posted : 07 September 2007 12:25:00(UTC)
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Posted By Garry Homer
With the need to keep some plant live in what is otherwise a disconnected site ready to be flattened, it would be prudent to clearly label all cables and equipment that are live.

This is how we would try and protect employees during refurbishment works. It is all too easy to disregard the safe methods of work and make an assumption that equipment is dead.

The downside is you must not miss anything as it will be assumed to be dead by thieves.

Some thieves are careful, they light fires under cables and wait for the insulation to burn off before they cut it. Seen this done at a river footbridge with a 33kV cable strapped to its side that was initially live. The would be thieves ran away following an uncontrolled release of light and sound!

Garry
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#18 Posted : 07 September 2007 14:37:00(UTC)
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Posted By CFT
Thanks all,

Gary

Good points and I have even put written and pictorial information on the live areas although they are minimal.

I note this morning they have been in again, and removed the 'tails' for connection for a 4 mega watt supply that has had to utilise our land to access a nearby site, the tails were left for connection and they have been cut off and removed flush with the ground, thank goodness that one wasn't live, it would certainly have lit up.

CFT
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#19 Posted : 09 September 2007 13:53:00(UTC)
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Posted By gavin
For Drew

the surname was Herrington.

Child trespass case circa 1972
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