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#1 Posted : 29 December 2008 17:15:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch Esteemed colleagues, seasons greetings. For the purpose of this question, please assume that visibility and eyesight are not an issue. What are your opinions as to what height an obstruction such as a wall has to be before it stops being a hazard that is a reasonably foreseeable risk of injury arising from someone with their eyes open tripping rather than e.g. striking against. The reason for my question is to try and influence some reduction in a bonkers conkers approach to public safety. Regards, Peter
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#2 Posted : 29 December 2008 23:09:00(UTC)
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Posted By Ron Hunter Peter - not enough info to hazard a guess at an answer, but bear in mind that DDA requires a change in level on a walkway or stair to be suitably marked (e.g. contrasting colour to a stair nosing) for those with visual impairment. Designers should avoid changes in level in favour of gradual slopes, all steps and stairs must be of equal height - etc.
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#3 Posted : 30 December 2008 08:43:00(UTC)
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Posted By Paul Leadbetter Hi, Peter Not too sure but let's pick a number to start the discussion: 60 cm. Paul
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#4 Posted : 30 December 2008 09:04:00(UTC)
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Posted By Dave Dowan Hi I don’t know the answer but edge protection on a roof should be between 910mm and 1100mm high (above hip height) so that if you fall against it you won’t tip over the barrier. So likewise maybe a low wall should be assessed on those criteria? Hope that helps Dave
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#5 Posted : 30 December 2008 10:24:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch Thanks for responses to date. Hi Paul. 60cm was the number in my mind as well. Regards, Peter
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#6 Posted : 30 December 2008 10:25:00(UTC)
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Posted By Pete48 Peter, am I right in thinking that you are talking of a low obstruction across an (informal?)access route? A low wall that people will step over rather than go around. I have not sourced any specific technical ref to back up my opinion. I would think about a level that people would clearly assess passively as an obstruction. So more than the standard step riser of 8/9 inches. Then think about the difference between stepping over and stepping onto. So my starting point for a discussion would be about 12 inches and going up to a height that is clearly an obstruction at say 18 inches. An interesting brain teaser for the festive season, I hope someone does have a definitive answer now that you have sown the seed.
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#7 Posted : 30 December 2008 10:48:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch Hi Pete Your thinking is spot on. I think that 12 inches (300mm) is still a tripping hazard, not sure about 18 inches, and think that 24 inches (600mm) not a tripping hazard (subject to my original qualifications re visibility and eyesight) I have a photo of a wall about 600mm high where the designer decided it was necessary to add a guardrail on top, thereby requiring a significant detour to get round the wall - so liable to result in someone climbing onto the wall and over the guardrail, thereby increasing overall risk? Regards, Peter
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#8 Posted : 30 December 2008 12:50:00(UTC)
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Posted By graeme12345 How about when someone crosses a road and meets the kerb
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#9 Posted : 31 December 2008 11:29:00(UTC)
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Posted By Fornhelper Peter I think we really need to identify the environment within which the wall is situated to identify a 'safe height'. The comment re-the kerb is a perfect example of this as people cope with this 'trip hazard' on a day to day basis without resultant injury....however I don't think a kerb type arrangement on the edge of railway platforms would be deemed as safe. Similarly a low 3 or 4 brick wall dividing a footpath and a 'same level' grassed area for example will be acceptable but would a similar sized wall be acceptable if there was a 5 metre sheer drop on the other side - I think not. So let me be the last to use this well worn phrase in 2008 - "it depends on the risk assessment" :-) All the best to all for 2009 Slainte FH
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#10 Posted : 03 January 2009 20:22:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch 1 Hi Fornhelper My question has national relevance, so I was anxious not to be over specific. I have no problems with recognising that a roadside kerb is DEFINITELY a tripping hazard reflected in the amount of damages paid out by e.g. the public sector when they get in wrong. MOD paid out £500k less about a third for an accident at Rosyth. Main LA insurers in public presentation which I do not have to hand commented that over 50% of their settled claims dealt with slips and trips including when e.g. pavement slabs get out of alignment or where there are potholes in the road - different authorities have varying "intervention" levels e.g. 25 or 50mm trips - I have no problems in recognising either of these as often presenting a reasonably forseeable trip hazard. What I am interested in is the view of fellow practitioners as to what height of obstruction remains a TRIP hazard to those with adequate vision and in adequate lighting assuming approx same level each side in relation to public access. Obviously, I recognise that if there is a 5m sheer drop on the other side, that in many cases a 600mm wall is insufficient protection in a highly populated scenario. Conversely, I would not wish to see this {or any protection} in many rural locations. [My dog would be very annoyed if he could not swim anywhere in the Rivers Clyde or Kelvin!!! (or various other waters)] HYN and regards, Peter
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#11 Posted : 04 January 2009 16:44:00(UTC)
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Posted By Merv Newman Somewhat off the subject, it just came to mind when reading this thread. I read an article today where they talked about "the learning curbe" Apologies to all potentially serious readers Merv
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#12 Posted : 05 January 2009 10:30:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tabs If you want a physical answer, rather than a convenient one ("stopping conkers bonkers") perhaps you should consider the words used? You ask when a tripping hazard becomes a striking hazard. Imagine a person walking with a light but large box in their arms, obscuring view. When they encounter the wall what is the likely outcome? There will be a point at which the most susceptible person (tallest) will not trip over the wall but will simply crumple against it. This may well be the 910mm Dave referred to - or it may be considerably lower with a front-on approach (knee-height perhaps?). To consider your "eyes open" comment, one should reasonably assume that trips are not undertaken on purpose, so some distraction or visual hindrance is implied. Even yellow/black striped steps trip people up - I have seen the accident reports.
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#13 Posted : 05 January 2009 11:45:00(UTC)
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Posted By Mike Charleston Tabs reminded me of a personal accident some years back. A group of us walked to a local pub together, approaching it through their car park. It was unfamiliar to me and floodlights for the parking area were shining right in our faces as we got to the last row of parked cars. We all walked between the cars but the others knew of the low level wall we were approaching - I didn't!! As I got level with the car bonnets on either side, so one of my knees found the parapet of the wall; body kept going; second leg moved to counter the forward motion, only to find same obstruction. Result - jarred hand on same wall as I fell forward; both kneecaps scraped; shins barked and quite a jolt of adrenaline needing a decent amount of alcohol to bring under control! Trip hazard, obstruction or reasonable barrier for the circumstances? Mike
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#14 Posted : 05 January 2009 14:01:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch Tabs, sorry, but I did not ask when a trip hazard becomes a strike against hazard - in many cases it could be both. Instead I asked for views as to what height an obstruction stops being a trip hazard, in defined circumstances, as regards visibility and vision - these obstructions will usually be in locations where DDA issues are unlikely to set the agenda. I think it is probably about knee height or slightly below, so grateful for your input re this. Mike - your accident reminds me of one of my own. Reflection was such that I couldn't see the glass door that I walked into. Regards, Peter
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#15 Posted : 05 January 2009 15:36:00(UTC)
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Posted By Tabs You now have me confused Peter. "What are your opinions as to what height an obstruction such as a wall has to be before it stops being a hazard that is a reasonably foreseeable risk of injury arising from someone with their eyes open tripping rather than e.g. striking against." and then "but I did not ask when a trip hazard becomes a strike against hazard - in many cases it could be both. Instead I asked for views as to what height an obstruction stops being a trip hazard" That height will vary due to the physics of: the person, surface finishes, contaminants, momentum, incline, agility, reaction times, and similar. My post was trying to suggest that any height a person will pivot over would probably be described as tripping. Mike's post seems to suggest even knee height is a tripping height ("one of my knees found the parapet of the wall"). DDA and eyes open are both red herrings - people trip because they don't notice the obstacle. Or are you trying to differentiate between a trip and falling over? My head hurts already and it's only January 5th.
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#16 Posted : 05 January 2009 17:18:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch Hi Tabs I am trying to get views as to when it is unlikely that a person would trip and land beyond the obstruction. I would class Mike's accident as "struck against", not trip or fall. [Ditto my walking into a glass door!!] Regards, Peter
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#17 Posted : 05 January 2009 23:04:00(UTC)
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Posted By Mike Charleston Hmmmm My accident was described slightly wrongly, now that I'm pushed to review the details. My hand actually jarred on the ground beyond the wall; the knee and shin injuries were because my body rotated over the parapet, without falling onto the other side. Both hands braceded me against the floor on the far side and I was then able to push myself back upright, without bodily crossing the wall. In other words Peter, if the criteria for a trip was whether I landed on the other side, I would classify that as a trip. Fine point though, since only my hands "landed" - but they were the means by which I prevented my body travelling any further. I'm not sure if this helps - but thinking some more about your distinction, a higher wall was needed to prevent what I will now think of as a trip! My head hurts now ..... Mike
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#18 Posted : 06 January 2009 09:58:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch OK Mike, I think I will classify that as a trip! How high was the wall? Regards, Peter
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#19 Posted : 06 January 2009 11:23:00(UTC)
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Posted By Mike Charleston Peter on a line with my kneecap, so 500-550mm total height.
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#20 Posted : 07 January 2009 19:54:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch 1 Hi those of you who were sensible enought not to be online over the hols. Any other views? Happy New Year, Peter
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