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Our organisation includes the UK’s National Bee Unit, so we have several dozen bee hives on our site. As there is a well established risk of anaphylactic shock following a bee sting, our first aiders are issued with an EpiPen. These cost £60 each but we have not used them ever in anger and they need to be replaced once a year, so this adds up. We are looking at reducing the number of pens we are buying but someone has pointed out that they could also be use if someone was develop anaphylactic shock from eating something ( nuts sea food etc) in the canteen etc. My argument is that this is a general risk and it could happen to anyone anywhere and is not specifically work related and as such not our problem ( unlike the bees, which is work related and so our responsibility). The question is does anybody out there in Health and Safety land issue EpiPens to their first aiders in case of the risk that someone might have an allergy problem ( but not a specific work related issue like our bees)?
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No we don't, but we do have some individuals that have been issued with them through their GP as they specifically have been disgnosed with an allergy. We have a training pen and do include some simple straightforward training for first aiders and co-workers in reconising anaphalactic shock and the administration of the epi-pen.
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I would have thought keeping a couple of pens in a central location would be adequate so long as the first aiders can get hold of them when needed this will depend on the size of your site. Is there a risk of using the epi-pen on someone who might be suffering from something other than anaphylactic shock i.e can it have a negative effect if misdiagnosed. How many times have you had to use the epi-pens in the last five years for example you have correctly identified it as a risk but what is the likelihood do you advise staff that might be allergic general advice as well as establishing where possible if the are allergic.
Phil
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Planning to stick needles into people and administer potentially harmful medicines based on weak circumstantial evidence - did the guy collapsing in the canteen eat a dodgy sandwich or collapse with a heart attack or stroke? - is likely to kill the innocent and take you very quickly to court.
Your first aiders could not possibly have teh skills to make such judgement calls and would risk the lives of others.
Don't go there.
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i take it Ian there is situation where incorrectly administering the epi-pen can do more harm than good.
Is there a test that can be carried out to see if people are allergic to bee stings i know there are for food allergies. at least this way you can identify number if anyone at risk and then ask these people to speak to their doctors who might then advise they carry an epi-pen because if they are known to be allergic they are just as likely to be at risk at home as they are at work.
Phil
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I am inclined to agree with Ian.
Unless first aiders have specific training they should only ever 'assist' an allergic party to administer their own medicine. That said if authorised by an occupational health doctor and with appropriate training it may be ok. If this is the case I see no reason why a few pens can't be kept with a response kit. Guidance is always to have two pens in case a) one fails to deliver appropriate does, b) one does is not enough. You also need to consider chance of multiple casualties in a short period of time. I assume these are all advanced first aiders and not just FAW? I would have thought administration of oxygen and protection of the airway would be a higher priority?
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PhilBeale wrote:i take it Ian there is situation where incorrectly administering the epi-pen can do more harm than good.
Is there a test that can be carried out to see if people are allergic to bee stings i know there are for food allergies. at least this way you can identify number if anyone at risk and then ask these people to speak to their doctors who might then advise they carry an epi-pen because if they are known to be allergic they are just as likely to be at risk at home as they are at work.
Phil It's only Adrenaline, that said I'm not a doctor so have no idea of how bad it could be :) I can ask my Nurse GF but I am sure we will get a response from a proper medic soon enough! That said the guidance I get as a St John Ambulance advanced first aider (who has even done the epipen course :) ) Is only ever assist a patient to administer their own medication. if they become unconscious treat as any other unconscious patient.
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Thanks for the responses so far: It looks like no-one issues Epi-Pens just in case. As far as the bee unit is concerned I am not that worried. The firstaiders have all been given the necessary training and they know what anaphylactic shock looks like. My main concern is this idea of keeping an epi-pen with each first aider, when it would be just as easy for them to pick up a pen from the Bee Unit office. Unfortunately there is no test for bee sting allergy as people working with bees develop the allergy over time. We have had cases of people who have worked with bees for decades and treat being stung as no big deal, then suddenly one day they develop full anaphylactic shock after being stung.
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Administration of adrenaline is hugely dangerous - those suffering anaphylaxis balance the risks against the high probability of death. To administer it to those who have no immediate need risks very severe reaction or death.
Fortunately, these products are not available to the general public, not even to the enthusiastic first aider or safety officer!
They are prescription only medicines and are made available on a named patient basis only for use in the most extreme circumstances where the risk of death is high and imminent. Thank goodness the controls are in place to kep these thinks out of unskilled hands, no matter how enthusiastic - or gung Ho - they may be.
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If someone has that extreme an allergy then they should be having their own epi-pen it's not up to an employer to provide every medical need for employees. Would you give asprin to someone having heart pain?? No (well I hope you said no!!).
Surely those working in your organisation are aware that the bees are there and therefore if they know they react they can carry the pen themselves.
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Going to upset you here, Clairel but I have been present at a first aid training course and a AED training course where the participants were told to try and get an aspirin into the mouth of the casualty. They state this at every course.
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clairel wrote: Surely those working in your organisation are aware that the bees are there and therefore if they know they react they can carry the pen themselves.
trouble is in my view Clairel is that the business has introduced the risk by having the bees on site so need to have a control measure in place. it would be a bit like having drums of acid on site and telling employees it's down to them if they get injured by it. I think ensuring staff are warned and first aiders are trained in what the signs are and the correct first aid treatment would be then that is most you can do. going back to the original post does everywhere that serves peanuts in food have to have epi-pens on standby, i think warning staff should be sufficient. Not clear if the pens are on prescription and has to be issued by a doctor how the company is getting hold of them. Phil
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PhilBeale wrote:clairel wrote: Surely those working in your organisation are aware that the bees are there and therefore if they know they react they can carry the pen themselves.
trouble is in my view Clairel is that the business has introduced the risk by having the bees on site so need to have a control measure in place. it would be a bit like having drums of acid on site and telling employees it's down to them if they get injured by it. I think ensuring staff are warned and first aiders are trained in what the signs are and the correct first aid treatment would be then that is most you can do. going back to the original post does everywhere that serves peanuts in food have to have epi-pens on standby, i think warning staff should be sufficient. Not clear if the pens are on prescription and has to be issued by a doctor how the company is getting hold of them. Phil No it's not. It's a bit like somone having an asthma attack due to air freshner. The bees are not inherently life threatening but a small proportion of the population have an extreme reaction to them. If the company provides a buffet lunch for conference should it make sure that ther are Epi-Pens available just in case someone is extremely allergic to egg? That's just bonkers conkers.
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Originally Posted by: Ciará  Going to upset you here, Clairel but I have been present at a first aid training course and a AED training course where the participants were told to try and get an aspirin into the mouth of the casualty. They state this at every course. I'm stunned that they are saying that. Not sure if that is even possible in work situation considering the HSE specifically state that tablets should not be kept in a first aid kit. I wouldn't give asprin to a casualty, no way. Too many variables.
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Clairel wrote:. Would you give asprin to someone having heart pain?? No (well I hope you said no!!).
YES! I think it's the first time i have disagreed with a Clairel post :) the point here is that risk assessment has identified a risk and a suitable control. the point is not everyone is known as allergic and a reaction can start at any time. from the reply the poster has i assume they work on the advice of a doctor and have suitable controls to prevent stings in place. The question was about each first aider having a pen, or keeping them at a central point, my answer is advice is too always have two pens and I would also like to see oxygen and airways available, so I would place a trauma kit (or several depending on size of site and RA) at a central point. When I worked with Chrome VI first aiders were trained to administer massive doses of Vitamin C and apply very specific creams.... all under advice and training of our occupational health doctor.
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Well that solves that then as it specifically states that a first aider can ony administer an Epi-Pen where the Epi-Pen belongs to the patient and was presribed by a doctor. I am still gob smacked as to what it says about asprin though. Maybe that's becuase my dad was a pharmacist and had a negative view of asprin. I also don't understand how, considering you can't keep asprin in the first aid kit in the first place.
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Clairel wrote: I wouldn't give asprin to a casualty, no way. Too many variables.
Research shows (British heart foundation I think) that administration of aspirin in approved does increases chance of survival, side effects are rare (patient has to be allergic) and the current thinking is benefits outweigh risk. I don't carry it in my kit but would administer to a patient who was conscious.
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.......Obviously I'm conceeding the point on asprin (I do do that you know!!) but I still wouldn't give it myself, I don't have the stuff in the house. I have my reasons.
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Clairel wrote:.......Obviously I'm conceeding the point on asprin (I do do that you know!!) but I still wouldn't give it myself, I don't have the stuff in the house. I have my reasons. :) Regular intake I agree with you, but in said situation maybe it's better than being dead. I am still amazed that I disagreed with you and lived to tell the tale, BTW you are on my list of posters whose posts are worth reading :)
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teh_boy wrote:Clairel wrote:.......Obviously I'm conceeding the point on asprin (I do do that you know!!) but I still wouldn't give it myself, I don't have the stuff in the house. I have my reasons. :) Regular intake I agree with you, but in said situation maybe it's better than being dead. I am still amazed that I disagreed with you and lived to tell the tale, BTW you are on my list of posters whose posts are worth reading :) That's not fair :-P. Anyone's allowed to disagree with me. If I'm wrong I'm more than happy to admit it and have done on many occasions over the years. If it's a matter of opinion and I strongly believe it I'll fight my corner. I call it debate, other more sensitive souls think it's aggression. They don't know me. Thanks for the compliment about my posts. I am what I am. Love it or hate it. I do try and be helpful though :-)
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I am of the understanding - because of emergency visits to our local GP and my wife being issued with pens for several years now, because she gets severe reactions to eating shellfish if she has taken Glucosomine tablets. Our "casual" RA indicates stay clear of one or other of the reactants, which the bee keepers cannot.
That there is an increased chance of going into shock each time there is an aleregic reaction. So someone who started working with the bees may over time develop a more severe reactions and this may or may not be have been picked up on the RA and therefore would be a reason for staff to carry a pen?
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More stuff Our problem is that we don’t know which sting if any might trigger a reaction, it could be the first it could be the 10000th. We don’t know. Those staff that we know are at risk of developing anaphylactic shock carry their own EpiPens( prescribed by their own GPs) especially when working off site as many do, but my concern is the people who work on the site ( not necessarily with bees-we do lots of other things too) who might get stung by OUR bees. OUR bees our responsibility.
Bizarrely taking into account some of the comments I have had, our first aiders do not carry aspirin or any other drugs in their kits. They are trained to use defibrillators and to administer oxygen. At one point we considered issuing them with amyl nitrite as an antidote to cyanide but decided that was not a good idea.
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amyl nitrate? Wasn't that what they used to call Poppers? Or am I hallucinating??
I can only refer you back to what the HSE guidance that John Murray posted that you can only administer an Epi-pen if it belongs to that person as prescribed by their GP/hospital. That seems reasonable to me.
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yes clairel amyl nitrite use to be reccomended as an antidote for cyanide poisoning we would rely on giving the patient oxygen and getting them to hospital quickly.
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A Kurdziel wrote:yes clairel amyl nitrite use to be reccomended as an antidote for cyanide poisoning we would rely on giving the patient oxygen and getting them to hospital quickly. I used to work with Cyanide - See HSE advice - DO NOT use antidote under any circumstances it kills more people than the poison :) Your current controls are correct, there was an historic problem when i worked on the COMAH site with cyanide of contaminated clothing overcoming the paramedics as well once in the nice enclosed space that is the rear of the ambulance! As for the bees I think you are also in the correct place... oh and look for the old thread on bee stings and RIDDOR it was a bute! the HSE was advice was a bee sting was not reportable if the bee was just passing through :) My point is your bees are not passing through and therefore you are correct to address the risk. Good luck and i hope we have helped :) Oh and don't put aspirin in your first aid kits unless approved by occi health doctor - I know it's madness but you can give it but shouldn't carry it :)
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And Finally as this is Friday We only report bee stings under RIDDOR if they are caused by OUR bees not the general bee population... And with that thought thank you for all your comments this will give use something to chew on at the next H&S committee.
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First. Aspirin. Aspirin for use in suspected heart attack. Research has noted that it has minimal effect when administered to female patients. Secondly, an epi-pen. Why any sane person would wish to administer a potent drug to an unknown person is something I would rather not think about. Precisely how do you ascertain that the "patient" is having an severe allergic reaction if you are not a [skilled] physician ? Note: "Each EpiPen Auto-Injector contains a single dose of a medicine called epinephrine, which you inject into your outer thigh. DO NOT INJECT INTRAVENOUSLY. DO NOT INJECT INTO YOUR BUTTOCK, as this may not be effective for a severe allergic reaction. In case of accidental injection, please seek immediate medical treatment. Epinephrine should be used with caution if you have heart disease or are taking certain medicines that can cause heart-related (cardiac) symptoms. Side effects may include an increase in heart rate, a stronger or irregular heartbeat, sweating, nausea and vomiting, difficulty breathing, paleness, dizziness, weakness or shakiness, headache, apprehension, nervousness, or anxiety. These side effects usually go away quickly, especially if you rest. If you have high blood pressure or an overactive thyroid, these side effects may be more severe or longer lasting. If you have heart disease, you could experience chest pain (angina). If you have diabetes, your blood sugar levels may increase after use. If you have Parkinson's disease, your symptoms may temporarily get worse"
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And Amyl Nitrite/Nitrate. Better make sure the patient has not taken Viagra/etc recently (past few days). The use of any nitrites/nitrates is seriously contra-indicated when the patient has taken sildenafil citrate, in any of its forms. The resulting rapid drop in blood pressure frequently leads to loss of consciousness.
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teh_boy wrote:A Kurdziel wrote:yes clairel amyl nitrite use to be reccomended as an antidote for cyanide poisoning we would rely on giving the patient oxygen and getting them to hospital quickly. I used to work with Cyanide - See HSE advice - DO NOT use antidote under any circumstances it kills more people than the poison :) There will be thousands of teenagers who would wish you'd told them that 25-30 years ago!!!
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Clairel wrote:
I'm not even going to comment on any of the other points... roll on Friday and a week off!
There will be thousands of teenagers who would wish you'd told them that 25-30 years ago!!!
:) Fact... However Claire like you I wasn't even born then! :) (Well ok maybe just) I also want to ask how on earth do you become a Super forum user? johnmurray wrote:"Why any sane person would wish to administer a potent drug to an unknown person is something I would rather not think about." Thank god doctors aren't sane!!!
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Doh - right words wrong order - it really is time for a holiday.
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teh_boy wrote:Clairel wrote:
I'm not even going to comment on any of the other points... roll on Friday and a week off!
There will be thousands of teenagers who would wish you'd told them that 25-30 years ago!!!
:) Fact... However Claire like you I wasn't even born then! :) (Well ok maybe just) I also want to ask how on earth do you become a Super forum user? johnmurray wrote:"Why any sane person would wish to administer a potent drug to an unknown person is something I would rather not think about." Thank god doctors aren't sane!!! You jumbled everything up there a bit!! I was most definately born 25 years ago and most definately a teenager too. Poppers were a common legal high used by teenagers back then - not by me I hasten to add ;-) I had no idea I was 'super forum' user I guess I just post too much. I think John meant someone without medical experience.
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A Kurdziel wrote:We only report bee stings under RIDDOR if they are caused by OUR bees not the general bee population...
How can you tell the bees apart?
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jeni d wrote:A Kurdziel wrote:We only report bee stings under RIDDOR if they are caused by OUR bees not the general bee population...
How can you tell the bees apart? Good Question!!!!! lol :-)
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Blimey what a honeycomb of different answers. Some sweet as honey, some with a real sting in the tail. To bee fair I think that the numbeer of pens that you have is a bit extreme.
OK, you have bees, so you can say that there is a foreseeabee risk. And I agree that yes those who know that they will have a reaction should bee carrying their own stuff. However I would try and identify them, bee helpful and provide a couple of pens in a central location, provisionally as a back up for them. Murphy’s Law states that if it can go wrong then it will bee going wrong. The day they get stung will bee the day they leave their stuff on the train.
As for running around sticking needles into every Tom, Dick and Harry. To bee sure that isn’t good. Trouble is, remembeer anyone can beecome allergic to a verity of things, including Bee stings at any time, you cannot bee planning for that, it happens. So bee sensible and have a plan in place so that you can get professional emergency response quickly beefore it’s too late. Get on the blower and get them to hospital where they can bee treated.
Educate the staff and bee careful with visitors, maybee you could put a notice in the main entrance for visitors telling them about the bees (but exclude the birds), ask them to bee co-operative and inform reception if they know that they maybee allergic. It may also bee a good reminder to full time staff membeers.
For the record. Yorkshire Bees have accents and wear little flat caps.
All I want to know is the answer to this. Do the London Wasps have a B team?
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Just to add a complication, we had to investigate a case where the individual suffered a severe anaphylactic reaction when kneeling on a carpet. The adrenaline injection delivered in the hospital had no effect. As this person was found by a RAST to be positive to latex protein the assumption was made that it was the rubber dust from the carpet that triggered the reaction. Investigation showed that, whilst sensitised to NTL protein, this lady is not allergic to it. She will react with anaphylaxis to contact with plastic if she thinks it is rubber, but not to rubber if she thinks it is plastic. The diagnosis is "undifferentiated idiopathic somatoform anaphylaxis". She did not respond to the adrenaline as this treats the antibody/antigen interaction, which was simply not present. Since even the hospital staff did not recognise that hers was not a genuine allergic reaction leading to anaphylaxis, how can you be certain that your first aiders will? Chris
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Chris.Packham aka Dr Gregory House ;-)
That really is fascinating. So her anaphylaxis was triggered psychologically but not physiologically? Wow. So how does one treat that then?
Certainly does add weight to the argument of those who believe that only medical professionals should administer epipens (except for those who carry their own and can self-administer).
Idiopathic somatoform anaphylaxis ........... next stop Google!
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This is only one example. Psychologically triggered skin reactions are far more common than many realise. At Giessen University there is even a Department of Psychosomatic Dermatology. There are also several books on this and a European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry!
I have had to deal with several suspected cases of skin disease where occupational causation was suspected but where the true cause was ultimately determined to be of non-occupational psychosomatic (and stress) origin.
How do you treat? Often with difficulty. First step is to get the person to recognise that this is psychosomatic. Unless you can achieve this there is no hope. Then establishing the psychological triggers and professional counselling can often resolve the problem.
Just goes to show - skin isn't as simple as many assume!
Chris
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