Rank: New forum user
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Hi,
have tried to get to grips with complaints about discomfort glare in some sections of one of the buildings I look after. The areas are basically open plan office areas. Newer type lights were installed last year and initial complaints were thought to be related to the change from the older - inadequate - lighting to the newer type. In one section though the complaints seem to persist. Once a second area was retrofitted with the new types of lights, I was now able to carry out some form of comparison and find that the lux levels are between 120 and 220 lux higher in the area where they are complaining about discomfort glare, readings are around 650 - 750 lux (taken at night time for various reasons). During the day it is likely that the levels are even higher. The main difference is that the area has a raised floor, reducing the distance between ceiling light fittings and desks by 170 mm. Would that be enough to explain the discomfort glare - essentially reflective glare from paper, keyboards etc. from overhead lighting?
Also, an engineering company that worked on the original project claims that lux readings must be taken in the dark. I cannot find this in the CIBSE or other guidance. Are the recommended levels to be read in day light or night time?
thanks for any not too technical help on the matter.
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Rank: Super forum user
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I’m no expert on this but I’m sure one will come along, but 650 to 750 Lux seems quite high for the type of work being carried out. My understanding ( just checked the book) is that office environments should have a minimum of 320 Lux ( when I did some checking in our office where engineering drawings had to be studied, we had readings of 350 to 420 and was more than adequate and nobody had a problem ( about the only thing they didn’t have a problem with!). It also lists that high tolerance machine work at a bench should be 400 Lux and Electronic assembly or jewellery / watch repair 600 Lux. These are quoted as minimums, but you can see where this leads you.
Could you just have some of the bulbs / fittings removed in the questioned area, or some of them put on a separate switch? You may even save some money! If you think the 170mm makes a difference test it; go to the lower working area, put the meter on the desk and take a reading, then move it up 170mm and take another then compare. Not sure about the darkness thing, but I would guess that you have to test in worst case scenario to ensure minimum levels. It gets dark early this time of year. If you want to test in daylight and you don’t want the employees to know, go in on a non-working day or lunch time if they all go out (or if neither of these is possible, you could be really sneaky and do it in a fire drill).
If I were a cynical person, I might say your engineers sold you more lights than needed.
Hope this helps a bit
PS I guess I should warn you that my experience is over two years old and so considered by some as invalid and out of date.
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Rank: New forum user
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Try HSG 38 (downloadable from HSE website) see section 94 gives recommended minimum levels.
Light should be measured at the work position - (i.e. at task position/tool point/desk top) and make sure you use the correct light meter and it is calibrated. For this exercise you should be using an incident light meter (light falling on the surface) not a Reflective meter (as is the norm in photography).
Night or day is an odd comment as it is the light on the station that matters so it does not matter day or night. Bear in mind that light level is only one thing. reflection, glare, flicker (strobe) all have to be taken in to account. Often discomfort is because folk look at or can see the direct light source so diffusers may be the answer. (e.g. Daylight can run to many thousands of lux but is diffused or reflected - unless you look directly into the sun!) Lux is only a small part of the lighting issue so suggest you don't focus on that alone.
Mike-C
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Rank: Super forum user
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Pats
As 'discomfort glare' is a psychophysical phenomenon, it consists of both physiological and psychological responses to physical and psychological stimuli.
The terms of your question appear to address the 'discomfort' as simply a physical phenomenon. By gathering relevant psychological data, you're likely to get quite a different set of responses.
Some good research on the work environment was published by social psychologists (sponsored partly by Rentokil) at Exeter University who demonstrated fairly convincingly how much social factors influence perceived levels of comfort as well as actual levels of performance. If you want me to trace the references, please pm me with a fuller account of the social environment of the workplace(s).
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Rank: New forum user
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Thanks Guys for the feedback. Chris, yes the levels appear quite high, but I was not sure if it was enough to explain the complaints. Your suggestion on testing it by measuring 170 mm lower than desk surface is simple and a very good idea - hope that it'll give me a sufficiently good explanation / argument - it's not so much about what to do as to who can be blame for this and who can we get to pay... As Mike suggested there may be other factors and before I conclude I need to be reasonably sure. The lights are ceiling lights (flourescent type) and there are no lights in anyone's line of sight, there are no reports of glare from screens (windows have two types of blinds to control sun) and so far none of the workstation assessments done have idenified any flicker complaints. One individual claims it is worse when it's dark outside - which suggests that the contrast is higher then - more general background light, less contrast. The issue appears to be direct reflection from ceiling light onto white paper or keyboards on the desk surface. Mike your comments regarding the day/night thing are what I thought as well - from an engineering perspective measurement at night may be needed to identify the contribution by the light source, from a H&S prespective though it is anytime. I have bought the light meter recently and it has a calibration cert - though how much I can rely on this - I don't know. It is more of a comparative study though to see if there is merit to the complaints more than anything though. And yes, the client at present does not want to be stirring things up as the group involved in making the complaints are kind of difficult, can be very vocal and we want to have some data / assessment before we do any further - daytime - monitoring. Kieran, based on the info you have given I think I have traced some of the presentations - interesting reading but can't see my client going for it - certainly not now with tight budgets and huge fragmentation / egos...
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Rank: Super forum user
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Another possible factor may be the frequency at which the fluorescent lights operate. The vast majority of such lights operate at 50 cycles per second (cps) due to the alternating nature of their mains power supply. According to studies, including one by the Medical Research Council (MRC) in the late 1980s, the oscillation/change of direction of light within a standard fluorescent tube is imperceptible to the human eye but is detectable by the human brain and can induce headaches, etc in some people. However, the MRC study found that when the frequency of the fluorescent lights in study premises were increased from 50 cps to something like 30,000 cps (and without employees in places being told) it was found that the adverse effects disappeared because the oscillations were no longer detectable by the human brains.
Apparently it shouldn't cost a significant amount to modify the relevant bit of an existing fluorescent light to sufficiently increase its operating frequency. Also, specifiers and installers of lighting apparently ought to know these aspects and discuss them with clients, but either don't know or don't bother. As I'm no expert in these matters, hopefully forum users with more knowledge and experience can comment on these points.
Also, switches with dimmer devices capable of controlling the brilliance of fluorescent lights are available nowadays. For example, the large open-plan office where I'm based has plenty of such switches, with the result that the lighting in several parts of the office is quite subdued presumably because most employees in those parts dislike full brightness. Nevertheless some of their colleagues find the levels too low and therefore use localised anglepoise type lamps to supplement the general fluorescent lighting which is available as downlighting and/or uplighting.
As some bright spark [semi-pun] might well ask if I know the operating frequency of the office lights, I'll admit that I don't at present - but could ask the local facilities management manager if he either knows or knows who to ask!
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Rank: Super forum user
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