¨Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
Background Information
CJD is a very rare, fatal neurodegenerative
disease, which is thought to be caused by
the build up of an abnorm
al form of the na
turally occurring ‘prion’ protein in the
brain.
There are four types of CJD (variant, spor
adic, inherited and iatrogenic), of which
only variant CJD (vCJD) is an
occupationally acquired disease.
CJD belongs to a group of Transmissible
Spongiform Encephalopa
thies (TSEs) which
affect humans and animals.
Organism:
Bovine Spongiform
Encephalopathy (BSE) agent
Incidence and Transmission:
The first reported case of vCJD was in
1996 and since then there have been alm
ost
200 deaths in the UK.
vCJD is strongly linked to exposure to – and
in particular consumption of – beef or
beef products from cattle suffering from BSE or ‘mad cow disease’. The first reported
case of BSE in cattle in the UK was in
1986. BSE was spread via feed made from
rendered material from infected cattle or
sheep, a process which has been banned
since 1988.
There has never been a reported case of
disease following occupational exposure
(despite more than 184 600 cases in cattle
in the UK), however it remains a theoretical
risk. It is thought the most
likely route of occupational
infection would be via broken
skin and it is thought unlikely that the di
sease would be transmitted via aerosols.
There is no evidence of spread from person
to person, but this remains theoretically
possible.
Occupations and processes where vCJD may present a risk
Occupational exposure to vCJD
may occur in those who:
are in contact with infected animals; or
work with materials or products from in
fected animals, in particular brain,
spinal cord and lymphatic tissue
http://www.hse.gov.uk/ag...oses-data-sheets/cjd.pdfhttp://www.nhs.uk/Condit.../Pages/Introduction.aspxhttp://www.patient.co.uk...irosis-and-weils-diseasehttps://www.gov.uk/gover...ist-of-zoonotic-diseases