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MEden380  
#1 Posted : 27 May 2016 09:48:21(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
MEden380

Lets get Friday off to a good start on the Pro's and Cons of Fracking in the UK - purely on the health and safety implications of the procedure.
The UK needs oil and gas (particularly the protesters who travel to remote sites to demonstrate).
I am lead to believe that most oil extraction in the North Sea involves Fracking - I may stand to be corrected if wrong.
So taking the emotive side of things away, how safe is fracking. I believe it to be a safe method, what are others opinions (please no derogatory comments on individuals opinions)
David Bannister  
#2 Posted : 27 May 2016 10:08:56(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
David Bannister

The only information that I have seen has been produced by one or the other sides of the argument - much like the current In/Out campaigns. The facts are obscured by opinions.

It appears to be a fight with global petrochem giants and other interested parties against local interests and professional protesters.

So far as direct safety & health threats to workers and locals are concerned there should be a large body of expertise available to do the work safely and healthily.

The wider future environmental issues are a mystery to me.

I suspect I would be a NIMBY if it came to it.
RayRapp  
#3 Posted : 27 May 2016 10:29:22(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
RayRapp

Not sure about Fracking per se. Do we know enough about the potential for harm to the environment? Do we trust the so-called experts to ensure there will not be any long term health and safety or environmental problems?

It was only a few years ago when the Macondo Well in the gulf of Mexico had a blowout, causing the worst man-made environmental disaster to date. The investigation report identified multiple active and latent failures with all concerned, including the regulators. Moreover, the technology needed to drill that deep is high risk and problematical.
johnmurray  
#4 Posted : 27 May 2016 10:55:41(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
johnmurray

RayRapp wrote:
Not sure about Fracking per se. Do we know enough about the potential for harm to the environment? Do we trust the so-called experts to ensure there will not be any long term health and safety or environmental problems?

It was only a few years ago when the Macondo Well in the gulf of Mexico had a blowout, causing the worst man-made environmental disaster to date. The investigation report identified multiple active and latent failures with all concerned, including the regulators. Moreover, the technology needed to drill that deep is high risk and problematical.


Ray..
Fracking (hydraulic fracturing) has been used since 1949 (ish), and since 1970 in limited situations in the North Sea. It has been used on inland sites in the UK since 1980. Ditto for the USA. If that isn't long enough, how long is?
The Macondo disaster was not to do with fracking, but ignition of methane gas flowing with the extracted oil...under high pressure.
Of course, everyone is talking about methane coming out of taps.....except in the UK, where we almost exclusively use piped water, it just won't happen (and there is serious doubt that it happens in the US either, at least as a result of fracking)
I suppose we could ignore the possible 10 billion barrels under Gatwick......
Look on the bright side....fuel prices are low....
And look again, on another bright side, using modern tech many boreholes can be sunk from the same wellsite....lower footprint.

jwk  
#5 Posted : 27 May 2016 11:50:59(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

Safe? Well, from a H&S perspective it probably is. From an environmental perspective we already know that we can't expect to use current reserves to their full capacity without warming the place up quite considerably, so as far as I'm concerned it's much safer to leave the stuff where it is and spend the investment on renewables.

And while we're on the subject of climate denial, isn't it interesting that Exxon is under investigation for fraud by three US states and the US Virgin islands; said alleged fraud being that they deliberately lied about climate change for their own profit (source: BBC news)

I live in the 'desolate' north, but lest I sound like a NIMBY, let me say I'm actually a NIABY, except maybe the CEO of Exxon's, of course,

John
Graham Bullough  
#6 Posted : 27 May 2016 14:44:40(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Graham Bullough

Having read and seen articles and TV programmes about fracking, especially one by Professor Iain Stewart of Plymouth University a year or so ago, I'm reasonably convinced that fracking, if done properly, poses no significant risk to people or the environment. I understand (and am happy to be corrected if necessary) that a crucial element of doing fracking properly consists of having a suitable lining for each vertical bore hole so as to contain all the fluids (liquids and gases) which pass down or up the hole under high pressure and could otherwise invade ground water formations. Furthermore, as johnmurray points out, fracking is not new technology, just one which has only really come to public attention in recent years.

One thing about fracking which is annoying is that every time it is featured on TV news, the usual accompanying cross-section diagram is NOT to scale. Therefore, it tends to give most viewers an incorrect impression that hydraulic fracturing takes place only several hundred feet below ground level. Though the actual depths are several thousands of feet below ground level, it seems that journalists and others either don't understand scale diagrams or don't wish to show them! [My wife will confirm that when such diagrams are broadcast I tend to shout at the TV! nobody seems to respond to my concern, so perhaps I should either shout more loudly or consider taking different action!! :-( ]

As an aside, shale rock didn't seem very exciting when I was a geology student in the early 1970s. Among other aspects, it generally lacked visible fossils and didn't seem to be of much use except as impermeable layers which could help with aquifers, i.e. underground water-bearing formations. I don't recall anyone mentioning that some shale rocks contain economic quantities of oil and gas. Also, at the risk of courting controversy, I wish there was some frackable shale rock deep below my small back yard alias garden. The income derived from a fracking company would help subsidise my modest pension and also I would be spared the chore of mowing the back lawn! Alas, there's apparently no shale rock, just a massive depth of Permo-Triassic sandstone garnished on top mainly with Pleistocene deposits of boulder clay!! :-(

Graham B
johnmurray  
#7 Posted : 27 May 2016 16:58:17(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
johnmurray

jwk wrote:
Safe? Well, from a H&S perspective it probably is. From an environmental perspective we already know that we can't expect to use current reserves to their full capacity without warming the place up quite considerably, so as far as I'm concerned it's much safer to leave the stuff where it is and spend the investment on renewables.

And while we're on the subject of climate denial, isn't it interesting that Exxon is under investigation for fraud by three US states and the US Virgin islands; said alleged fraud being that they deliberately lied about climate change for their own profit (source: BBC news)

I live in the 'desolate' north, but lest I sound like a NIMBY, let me say I'm actually a NIABY, except maybe the CEO of Exxon's, of course,

John


I tend to not get overly alarmed about a temperature rise of 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880 ish.....my enthusiasm for global warming ceased when I decided that basing rises on instruments with dubious siting and maintenance, and then making predictions based on that flawed data, was slightly more than unreasonable.
I'll wait for a long-term series based on satellite measurements, possibly with less interference, before I get too worried.

Jeremiah Bullfrog.
Graham Bullough  
#8 Posted : 07 July 2016 00:58:53(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Graham Bullough

Contrary to my earlier assertion in #6 about the futility of shouting at one's TV, I can report an instance where it evidently worked: Some of you may recall the media coverage given late last December to Abergeldie Castle in Aberdeenshire which faced imminent collapse after the nearby River Dee, greatly swollen by heavy rain, had washed away a significant amount of ground between the castle and the former line of the river bank. Seeing footage of the castle teetering on the brink of a high bank of sediment above the river prompted me to shout "get some ballast" (or similar) at the TV. Within a day or two, the media coverage went quiet and there were no reports of the castle having collapsed into the river as anticipated. Therefore, several weeks later I did some internet delving and was delighted to discover from several sources, notably the "Press & Journal" at https://www.pressandjour...bergeldie-castle-floods/
that the castle had been saved by an emergency project in which prodigious amounts of rock were tipped into the river to form a substantial protective/supportive bank. For some months the quoted webpage included an interesting time-lapse video of the project which continued day and night for some five days. Sadly this video has disappeared, but the scale of i) the erosion which endangered the castle and ii) the new rock bank still remain evident from the photos which accompany the article.

Several months later while in Scotland I had an impromptu conversation about historic buildings with a building company director. It transpired that he had also shouted at his TV when he saw the media coverage about Abergeldie Castle last December. Therefore, it seems that if two or more people shout at their TVs about the same topic, they might well have some effect!!! :-)

Graham B

p.s. This posting probably includes the very first mention on this forum of the illustrious "Press & Journal", commonly known as the 'pee and jay', a long-established daily newspaper covering Northern Scotland! :-)

p.p.s. Out of sheer curiosity, did anyone else happen to see the initial media coverage about Abergeldie Castle and also shout at their TV ?!!
jwk  
#9 Posted : 07 July 2016 10:54:40(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

johnmurray wrote:


I tend to not get overly alarmed about a temperature rise of 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880 ish.....my enthusiasm for global warming ceased when I decided that basing rises on instruments with dubious siting and maintenance, and then making predictions based on that flawed data, was slightly more than unreasonable.
I'll wait for a long-term series based on satellite measurements, possibly with less interference, before I get too worried.

Jeremiah Bullfrog.


Mmm, well John, I do worry about it. Unlike you I tend to trust the experts in this field, as I hope that people trust my expertise in H&S. I also see evidence of global warming every time I go for a walk. Comma butterflies are now found as far north as the Scottish borders. This morning I saw a Hobby over my home town; my friend is bird-ringing in Lapland and he's seen a Great Egret up there.

And the thing is, this sort of change in distribution of taxae (movement of temperate species towards the poles) is happening worldwide. The birds & butterfiles believe it if some of us don't.

So I worry. I kind of hope the jeremiah bullfrogs of this world are right, but I really doubt it,

John
PIKEMAN  
#10 Posted : 07 July 2016 12:49:36(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
PIKEMAN

I despair at the comment posted above, on a "professional" forum. It states "So far as direct safety & health threats to workers and locals are concerned there should be a large body of expertise available to do the work safely and healthily.

The wider future environmental issues are a mystery to me.

I suspect I would be a NIMBY if it came to it."

David Bannister  
#11 Posted : 07 July 2016 13:20:36(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
David Bannister

pikeman wrote:
I despair at the comment posted above, on a "professional" forum. It states "So far as direct safety & health threats to workers and locals are concerned there should be a large body of expertise available to do the work safely and healthily.

The wider future environmental issues are a mystery to me.

I suspect I would be a NIMBY if it came to it."



Why are you in despair?
johnmurray  
#12 Posted : 07 July 2016 14:12:09(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
johnmurray

jwk wrote:
johnmurray wrote:


I tend to not get overly alarmed about a temperature rise of 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880 ish.....my enthusiasm for global warming ceased when I decided that basing rises on instruments with dubious siting and maintenance, and then making predictions based on that flawed data, was slightly more than unreasonable.
I'll wait for a long-term series based on satellite measurements, possibly with less interference, before I get too worried.

Jeremiah Bullfrog.


Mmm, well John, I do worry about it. Unlike you I tend to trust the experts in this field, as I hope that people trust my expertise in H&S. I also see evidence of global warming every time I go for a walk. Comma butterflies are now found as far north as the Scottish borders. This morning I saw a Hobby over my home town; my friend is bird-ringing in Lapland and he's seen a Great Egret up there.

And the thing is, this sort of change in distribution of taxae (movement of temperate species towards the poles) is happening worldwide. The birds & butterfiles believe it if some of us don't.

So I worry. I kind of hope the jeremiah bullfrogs of this world are right, but I really doubt it,

John


Experts.
Quite.
A plethora to chose from.
Based on flawed measuring some say temps have risen 5 degrees C in several decades.
The Central England data, the worlds longest record, shows a 1.6C rise in 216 yrs +-.
We know, based on other sources, that temperature has been higher in the past.
We also know that we are still in an ice-age.
So, basically, we actually "know" very little with a high degree of certainty.
We "know" that the Antarctic ozone hole (not a hole, just an area of varying opaqueness) is getting smaller. We don't know how long it has been there.
My personal thoughts are that global "warming" is used to drive an agenda.

jwk  
#13 Posted : 07 July 2016 14:25:08(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

John, there are experts and experts. Almost all climate scientists agree that we are in an unprecedented period of warming, and this is due to CO2 forcing as a result of anthropogenic activity. There are some economists who don't agree.

And as for an agenda... Well, follow the money. In the red corner we have some beardy wierdies and underfunded scientists with little economic stake in this either way (they'd still have their jobs if they were wrong, after all). In the blue corner we have some of the world's richest corporations whose very raison d'etre is threatened by any attempt to reduce fossil fuel usage. Who's agenda gets the biggest backing I wonder? Which is why some US states are intending to sue Exxon,

John
PIKEMAN  
#14 Posted : 08 July 2016 09:00:47(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
PIKEMAN

Speaking as someone who has been an environment manager, and now teaches environmental courses, it astounds me how many supposedly intelligent people express strident views on env issues whilst having no knowledge of the basic concepts. If I, for instance, was asked my opinion on (say) an electrical engineering issue, I would decline to give an opinion, since I have no knowledge. With Global climate change, people happily wade in with firm beliefs based on......................... what? For instance, in my experience, few people can give the correct answers to these simple questions. "IS THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT A GOOD OR A BAD THING?" and "HOW DOES IT WORK?"
andrewcl  
#15 Posted : 08 July 2016 10:56:13(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
andrewcl

I agree with Pikeman, but am probably about to confirm what he has said, in that I have limited environmental knowledge! I do know how the greenhouse effect works, though...

I see the strong reactions fracking brings out in people, and I see the protests on television too, but at no point have I come across (not looked for it in depth, admittedly...) any solid or scientific reasons for it not to be done? I just see people protesting against it.

If it helps us to supply reliable, cheap energy to a growing world population until alternatives are found, and doesn't create any major issues while harvesting, then I am for it.

Reliance on fossil fuels is another topic entirely - I'm told the average volcano releases more Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere than people (whether erupting or not), and someone has already mentioned the influence of the oil industry; apparently hydrogen fuel has been viable for a number of years but not implemented. Aberdeen runs its buses on hydrogen already...
johnmurray  
#16 Posted : 09 July 2016 08:41:04(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
johnmurray

andrewcl wrote:
I agree with Pikeman, but am probably about to confirm what he has said, in that I have limited environmental knowledge! I do know how the greenhouse effect works, though...

I see the strong reactions fracking brings out in people, and I see the protests on television too, but at no point have I come across (not looked for it in depth, admittedly...) any solid or scientific reasons for it not to be done? I just see people protesting against it.

If it helps us to supply reliable, cheap energy to a growing world population until alternatives are found, and doesn't create any major issues while harvesting, then I am for it.

Reliance on fossil fuels is another topic entirely - I'm told the average volcano releases more Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere than people (whether erupting or not), and someone has already mentioned the influence of the oil industry; apparently hydrogen fuel has been viable for a number of years but not implemented. Aberdeen runs its buses on hydrogen already...


Yes. But hydrogen use for transportation means you either store it as a high-pressure gas, or cryogenically at lower pressure. Neither is ideal, and its use as a fuel suffers from poor calorific efficiency. Its one good point is its cleanliness within a town/city.

As for CO2... opting for a neutral viewpoint: https://granthaminstitut...the-right-and-the-wrong/

AS I pointed-out, we ARE currently in an ice age...the effects of increasing temperatures are highly uncertain, the science is frequently being corrected, BUT the effects of lower temperatures are not uncertain. With the current population, a decrease of temperature would be quite dramatic.

Food for thought: http://icp.giss.nasa.gov...methane/intro/cycle.html
jwk  
#17 Posted : 11 July 2016 13:53:13(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

Let's put volcanoes to one side shall we? After all, we can only do what is possible, and volcanoes are out of our control. Burning fossil fuels isn't.

John, I agree that the effects of global warming are uncertain, this to me means only that we need to take action to prevent them. Otherwise it's just an irresponsible experiment. Not sure what relevance it is that we are currently in an ice-age, though in fact we are actually in an interstitial, which is not at all the same.

When there are signals from different branches of study pointing to the same conclusion then we can be reasonably sure that we are observing something real. So satellite and ground level data all point to inexorably increasing temperatures. Last week I read the results of a study by the British Trust for Ornithology into the length of stay of common British summer visitors, and how this has changed since the 1960s; this, along with other phenological data, is unequivocal. Summer visitors are arriving earlier and leaving later, and by big margins. Then there's biogeography; temperate birds and insects are changing their ranges towards the poles and away from the tropics. There is no evidence of a movement in the other direction. So three strands of evidence all pointing the same way.

And it's the last two that really matter. John, your argument seems to be based on physical sciences, and you say that a two degree change in temperature doesn't bother you. Fair enough, it's not going to make Britain unbearably hot. But the change in ranges and behaviours of birds and insects points to other things which are really rather important. Things like the growing ranges of wheat, of rice, of barley, of millet and so on. These are already changing.

You can't expect things to change and for everything to be the same. A two degree warmer world will be different to the one I grew up in. Whether for better or for worse we don't know. But I for one have no burning desire to find out (excuse the pun...:-))

And by the way, I am not a climatologist, but I do have extensive amateur knowledge of natural history from a life-times' study. I have seen these things myself, and not just read about them.

John
johnmurray  
#18 Posted : 11 July 2016 16:38:59(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
johnmurray

We have only been here a short period of time. We have been measuring temperature for a small section of that time.
I have watched those recorded temperatures be massaged, at length, until they meet the need of the climate-change community. The so-called medieval warm period has been massaged, eradicated, re-emerged and disappeared more times than I can remember. Tree rings confirmed warming, then didn't, then some did, others didn't and on and on.
Satellite temperatures seem to be the most accurate, until they started to be massaged (or just ignored).
So many climate scientists seem to think the laws of thermodynamics don't exist, and to them they probably do not.
I've listened to eminent say yes/no/maybe/possibly/
Meanwhile, the world population grows and food production grows with it.
Maybe a few degrees makes a difference to areas where crops grow now, it certainly makes a difference to areas a but too cold.
I'll say this again: if the ice age we are currently in the warm period of becomes a cold period, it will be an extinction level event.
6 billion plus will not be fed off the warm strip around the middle(ish) of the globe.
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