I would point you in the direction of Dr Alphonse Bertillon and the Bertillonage system of body measurements that was used to detect criminals prior the introduction of fingerprint technology. Dr Bertillon invented anthropometry so he is a very very good starting place.

This subject is usually considered to be a sub-topic of 'human factors'. Humans factors is a a combination of pshchology, industrial design and anthropometrics is an important factor to consider. The books mentioned are very good, also try books by Kirwan and Ainsworth 'Aguide to task analysis' In an indutrial setting you also need to think about the layout of instruments and control panels, the colour of warning lights, sounders and alarms etc. Other issues include the h&s side of human factors such as heating, lighting, etc