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HSE Chris Wright  
#1 Posted : 26 February 2016 15:54:59(UTC)
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HSE Chris Wright

Most HSE professionals much prefer not to be classed as officers, however once an understanding of the HSE framework is made it can become clear that we are.. something to think about - The UK HSE framework is built around theories such as bird and pearson whom believed and this belief was accepted by the HSE that all accidents are down to the failures of management. it doesn't believe that man has free will at work. The HSE boast about an 84% success rate +/- in the courts for successful prosecutions but what they fail to inform is that roughly 80% of those cases accept guilty pleas before entering a court from instruction of insurance companies unwilling to fight a case. of the 20% that actually reaches a court around 4% are won. unlike the HSE the courts do accept that humans have the ability to exercise free will at work and that not every accident results from a legal breach which is what the HSE prosecute for.
Jimothy999  
#2 Posted : 26 February 2016 16:13:15(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
Jimothy999

HSE Chris Wright wrote:
Most HSE professionals much prefer not to be classed as officers, however once an understanding of the HSE framework is made it can become clear that we are.. something to think about - The UK HSE framework is built around theories such as bird and pearson whom believed and this belief was accepted by the HSE that all accidents are down to the failures of management. it doesn't believe that man has free will at work. The HSE boast about an 84% success rate +/- in the courts for successful prosecutions but what they fail to inform is that roughly 80% of those cases accept guilty pleas before entering a court from instruction of insurance companies unwilling to fight a case. of the 20% that actually reaches a court around 4% are won. unlike the HSE the courts do accept that humans have the ability to exercise free will at work and that not every accident results from a legal breach which is what the HSE prosecute for.
Not sure what your first paragraph has to do with the rest of your statement, or if you are referring to HSE inspectors or H&S professionals in general, so I will leave that one. The high rate of guilty pleas I would say is down to companies simply having good legal advice. H&S law is weighted against organisations that have accidents, it is up to them to prove they did everything reasonably practicable to prevent it; guilty until proven innocent. We also have decades of case law and an entire industry dedicated to defining and implementing best practice on H&S so the facts of most cases are very easy to determine. Lawyers can therefore be fairly confident once appraised of the full facts to give an opinion to their client as whether or not they are likely to be found guilty. If your own lawyer thinks you are then you'd be a bit daft to argue it in court and watch the fines and costs shoot up.
HSE Chris Wright  
#3 Posted : 26 February 2016 16:21:28(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

yes ignore the first bit, was part of another topic. I would argue that opinion. If you speak directly with insurance companies they will pay claims under a certain amount regardless if they believe a case can be won if it went to court simply because of the amount being paid out. I agree with regards to case law etc and I am not doubting the ability of the courts to make the correct decision, what I am contesting is the fact many companies are prosecuted by the HSE for breaches of law when in fact a suitable investigation would dictate that no breach of a legal statute has taken place but an operative has for example exercised free will so to speak and has committed an unsafe act?
Ron Hunter  
#4 Posted : 28 February 2016 23:21:03(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Ron Hunter

The opinion of the employer's insurer has no bearing whatsoever on any criminal proceedings!
torkee878  
#5 Posted : 28 February 2016 23:49:55(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
torkee878

Ron Hunter wrote:
The opinion of the employer's insurer has no bearing whatsoever on any criminal proceedings!
Absolutely, Ron is quite right. Businesses cannot insure against criminal penalties.
toe  
#6 Posted : 29 February 2016 08:20:01(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
toe

Imagine that - insuring yourself against a criminal activity. Just bumping up the wife's policy as we speak, before fixing the electrics on the shower.
WatsonD  
#7 Posted : 29 February 2016 08:48:42(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
WatsonD

Statistics...statistics...statistics Lets assume those 20% that didn't settle out of court, chose not to as they believed they had a water tight defense. Therefore, I would not be surprised by the 4%. It reminds me of two comments I know on statistics: Did you know 8 our of 10 statistics are made up? Statistically, when ice cream revenue goes up so does the sales of sun cream; yet we all know that ice cream doesn't cause sunburn...
HSSnail  
#8 Posted : 29 February 2016 11:47:15(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
HSSnail

Quote. The UK HSE framework is built around theories such as bird and pearson whom believed and this belief was accepted by the HSE that all accidents are down to the failures of management. it doesn't believe that man has free will at work. RIDDOR figures for 2015/15 were 76,000 reported work related accidents - so the HSE and LA's took 76,000 prosecutions did they? Think there may be a few flaws in your argument Chris.
A Kurdziel  
#9 Posted : 29 February 2016 12:08:19(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
A Kurdziel

The idea of management being responsible for everything a business does is not so much a theory but a belief. When anyone embarks on a business venture they must believe that they’re in control and that they (the management) can make a business succeed. They cannot believe that their venture is just down to luck and the throw of the dice. Since this belief is more or less universal then it means that a business is responsible for everything that happens to it including its H&S. You cannot blame the employees as it was management that recruited and trained the employees in the first place. Society cannot accept that business (or any other venture) is at the mercy of forces it cannot control, otherwise we can just give up and stay in bed. As to businesses pleading guilty… that is to the good. Prosecutions cost money and I cannot imagine any sort of business pleading guilty to a H&S offence if it honestly thought that it had committed an offence under the law.
Kate  
#10 Posted : 29 February 2016 12:54:47(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Kate

Chris, you seem to have mixed up criminal prosecutions (conducted by the HSE) and civil compensation claims (settled or defended on the instructions of insurers).
HSE Chris Wright  
#11 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:28:35(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

so do you believe that no man has the ability to exercise free will at work and make decisions? do you believe that if he has an accident that your management system is to blame? As a suggestion, read a book called Redressing the Balance by Paul Difford whom conducted a 10 year study on this matter. this guy is the principle investigator fir IIAI (institute of Industrial Investigators) if this doesn't make you think out of the box then nothing will. I have worked with many insurance companies myself and know first hand that small claims are paid due to not wanting to contest in court. that's factual. I don't have my words mixed etc I just conduct a lot of research outside of what the HSE display.
Ron Hunter  
#12 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:37:16(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Ron Hunter

You might want to extend your research to cover terms such as 'vicarious liability' and 'respondeat superior.' I'm still not clear what point you're trying to make.
HSE Chris Wright  
#13 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:46:50(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

Ron Hunter wrote:
You might want to extend your research to cover terms such as 'vicarious liability' and 'respondeat superior.' I'm still not clear what point you're trying to make.
I full understand strict liability as i also understand respondeat superior. So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
WatsonD  
#14 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:50:54(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
WatsonD

HSE Chris Wright wrote:
so do you believe that no man has the ability to exercise free will at work and make decisions? do you believe that if he has an accident that your management system is to blame?
Assume you do mean to include Women as well in your statements? A good management system should include relevant staff (men and women) in the planning, and should not be written in isolation. Accident / Incident investigation should determine what went wrong and why. Human error should be factored in. It may be due to a fault in the management systems, but it may not.
jwk  
#15 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:52:34(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

Chris, I think there are many people on this forum who can 'think outside the box' as you put it, or are able to think creatively as we who can think outside the box choose to put it. However, there is no doubt that the engagement of insurance companies is for civil cases, while that of HSE is for criminal proceedings. Having been in court being prosecuted I can assure you that our insurers had absolutely no bearing on our defensive position, and indeed they had no involvement with the case as no civil proceedings arose as a consequence. Insurers choosing to settle out of court has absolutely nothing to do with HSE's prosecution record, John
HSE Chris Wright  
#16 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:57:58(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

WatsonD wrote:
HSE Chris Wright wrote:
so do you believe that no man has the ability to exercise free will at work and make decisions? do you believe that if he has an accident that your management system is to blame?
Assume you do mean to include Women as well in your statements? A good management system should include relevant staff (men and women) in the planning, and should not be written in isolation. Accident / Incident investigation should determine what went wrong and why. Human error should be factored in. It may be due to a fault in the management systems, but it may not. Exactly! may not, and this is what needs addressing. All I am simply stating is that criminal lawyers as well as in civil cases should be more willing to fight cases in which yes an accident has occurred but not from a breach of a legal. Paul Diffords study found that where the HSE attempt to prosecute for breaches of statutes the courts deemed that operatives (men and Women) have the ability to exercise free will at work and not every accident is the result of a management failure as the work of Bird, Pearson and the HSE believe. hence the 4 out of the 20% rate. If more went to court I believe this figure would be significantly lower for success on the HSE's part. I would honestly prompt you to read his book, if your beliefs are the same after then fair enough but consider it.
jwk  
#17 Posted : 29 February 2016 15:58:06(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

HSE Chris Wright wrote:
So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
The purpose of the criminal investigation prior to the case should be to determine whether or not this is the case. That so many HSE prosecutions succeed is down to the fact that the situation outlined above is not so common, especially where serious accidents occur, John
biker1  
#18 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:07:35(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
biker1

If the meaning of this is that people should be held accountable for their own actions, and that therefore not everything is the fault of management, but could simply be a case of someone doing something clearly stupid, let alone in breach of procedures, then I fully agree. We often see cases where the company is prosecuted for something that is clearly the fault of the employee. Unfortunately, this evasion of personal responsibility is something endemic in modern society.
Trundlebug  
#19 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:11:54(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
Trundlebug

HSE Chris Wright wrote:
Ron Hunter wrote:
So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
From my experience, yes the HSE would still prosecute, based on:- 1. Clearly there wasn't adequate supervision to see the poor practice and correct it. 2. HaSWA says duty to ENSURE sfarp. If the accident happened they clearly didn't ensure the employee's safety. The interesting argument (read: expensive bit) in court would hinge around reasonably practical, culture in the organisation, ratios of supervision, past history, employee safety record, production pressures, disciplinary records for H&S, and many more things that lawyers could dream up to illustrate their respective sides of the argument. But of course ultimately they may also conclude not (or not only) to prosecute the company but the individual, as they are increasingly doing in recent cases. Much depends on the specifics of the case.
HSE Chris Wright  
#20 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:12:04(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

biker1 wrote:
If the meaning of this is that people should be held accountable for their own actions, and that therefore not everything is the fault of management, but could simply be a case of someone doing something clearly stupid, let alone in breach of procedures, then I fully agree. We often see cases where the company is prosecuted for something that is clearly the fault of the employee. Unfortunately, this evasion of personal responsibility is something endemic in modern society.
Exactly.
jwk  
#21 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:27:57(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

When I read the cases in SHP I am not left with the impression that HSE is wantonly prosecuting employers for the wilful acts of mindless employees. When I have spoken to and been prosecuted by HSE I have been left with quite a clear idea that they do know that people can be capable of deliberate disregard for SSOW etc, and that if they believe that's the case they don't prosecute. What I would say is this; Chris's case, a workplace with a good SMS, SSOW, everything in place, training etc PLUS effective supervision and a genuine safety culture among the workforce, is pretty unusual in my book. I've spent twenty years trying to instill all of the above, and all I can say is that sometimes it works. When it does work it's down to local managers, so it's reasonable to assume that when it doesn't work that's down to management as well. Me, I don't think people now have any more or less a sense of personal responsibility than they have ever had. To take one example. When I was a kid local businesses had to put shutters on their shop windows on Saturdays because of the football crowds smashing windows on their way to the match. They don't now. What does the personal responsibility argument say about that. John
HSE Chris Wright  
#22 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:31:09(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

Trundlebug wrote:
HSE Chris Wright wrote:
Ron Hunter wrote:
So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
From my experience, yes the HSE would still prosecute, based on:- 1. Clearly there wasn't adequate supervision to see the poor practice and correct it. 2. HaSWA says duty to ENSURE sfarp. If the accident happened they clearly didn't ensure the employee's safety. The interesting argument (read: expensive bit) in court would hinge around reasonably practical, culture in the organisation, ratios of supervision, past history, employee safety record, production pressures, disciplinary records for H&S, and many more things that lawyers could dream up to illustrate their respective sides of the argument. But of course ultimately they may also conclude not (or not only) to prosecute the company but the individual, as they are increasingly doing in recent cases. Much depends on the specifics of the case.
so from point 1) you have proved a sound management system etc, SSOW and all the rest. from point 2) the HSE stated in 2003 i believe that an operative with the right skills, in the right place, at the right time, with the right tools etc 'can be under a self state of supervision' you are constantly fighting fire so to speak if management are to blame for every accident, as i say the courts agree.
Jimothy999  
#23 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:45:33(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
Jimothy999

HSE Chris Wright wrote:
I full understand strict liability as i also understand respondeat superior. So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
It would depend on exactly why the operative chose to circumvent the established safe system of work or if indeed it was a choice. Was the pressure of work such that he felt obliged to cut corners? Did he simply misunderstand the training he was given and there was no-one around to supervise and correct him? Was he competent to carry out the task? Sitting in a classroom for an hour being talked at may train you in a task but does not make you competent. HSE inspectors are well aware of and I presume trained to investigate the reasons for written SSOW's not being adopted and all too often the trail leads back to the acts or omissions of managers and supervisors. As noted above, in court organisations are required to prove that they have done everything SFARP to protect their staff and this includes provision of adequate information, Training, instruction and supervision (section 2(2)c of HASAWA as I'm sure you know). I wish the H&S practitioner's job were as simple as writing a SSOW that says what we have to do to keep safe, training it out and watching everyone stick to it like glue. Sadly, human beings don't work like that.
HSE Chris Wright  
#24 Posted : 29 February 2016 16:52:11(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

Jimothy999 wrote:
HSE Chris Wright wrote:
I full understand strict liability as i also understand respondeat superior. So I would question you to answer do you believe that if an operative decides to go against a perfectly good management system, SSOW, everything is in place, training etc has an accident that management are to blame and should be prosecuted?
It would depend on exactly why the operative chose to circumvent the established safe system of work or if indeed it was a choice. Was the pressure of work such that he felt obliged to cut corners? Did he simply misunderstand the training he was given and there was no-one around to supervise and correct him? Was he competent to carry out the task? Sitting in a classroom for an hour being talked at may train you in a task but does not make you competent. HSE inspectors are well aware of and I presume trained to investigate the reasons for written SSOW's not being adopted and all too often the trail leads back to the acts or omissions of managers and supervisors. As noted above, in court organisations are required to prove that they have done everything SFARP to protect their staff and this includes provision of adequate information, Training, instruction and supervision (section 2(2)c of HASAWA as I'm sure you know). I wish the H&S practitioner's job were as simple as writing a SSOW that says what we have to do to keep safe, training it out and watching everyone stick to it like glue. Sadly, human beings don't work like that.
exactly they don't, all id like to see is more companies contest prosecutions. I truly believe the number of cases won by the HSE would be different and the same with civil lawyers fighting civil claims. We have to get out of the mindset of blaming management systems that we create and manage for every accident or we will simply be chasing our tails for the next 20 years.
Ron Hunter  
#25 Posted : 29 February 2016 17:00:23(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Ron Hunter

Ref OP #13. Criminal proceedings for health and safety breach are a relatively rare occurrence. The protocols and evidential tests are very well defined. See http://www.hse.gov.uk/enforce/how.htm The details we usually see arising from criminal cases are often very brief and most times second hand interpretations (e.g. trade and professional magazines) and we are rarely, if ever, in a position to determine the facts of the case. I personally doubt very much whether the HSE and CPS/Procurators Fiscal would wilfully engage in prosecuting cases which were essentially incompetent?
Kate  
#26 Posted : 29 February 2016 17:50:34(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Kate

"The HSE boast about an 84% success rate +/- in the courts for successful prosecutions but what they fail to inform is that roughly 80% of those cases accept guilty pleas before entering a court from instruction of insurance companies unwilling to fight a case" Definitely mixed up! Or can you explain what the insurance companies have to do with HSE prosecutions?
HSE Chris Wright  
#27 Posted : 01 March 2016 08:18:47(UTC)
Rank: Forum user
HSE Chris Wright

Kate wrote:
"The HSE boast about an 84% success rate +/- in the courts for successful prosecutions but what they fail to inform is that roughly 80% of those cases accept guilty pleas before entering a court from instruction of insurance companies unwilling to fight a case" Definitely mixed up! Or can you explain what the insurance companies have to do with HSE prosecutions?
My mistake on that one kate, I meant the lawyers not insurance companies. and also while Health and Safety managers are also of the belief that their own management is to blame for all accidents then they will be constantly fighting fire.
RayRapp  
#28 Posted : 01 March 2016 08:32:28(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
RayRapp

If management are not held accountable for breaches of legislation and accidents who is? From the regulator's perspective there is little value in pursuing individuals who may have been at fault. The employer is responsible for those employees who wilfully breach company policies and procedures and need to take appropriate action against offenders. There are exceptions of course where employees can be prosecuted under s7 HSWA or 36/37 but these are only in the extreme circumstances and usually for those is a position of influence i.e. supervisors and managers. Where a person's act or omission has caused a fatality there is the option of a non h&s prosecution i.e. gross negligent manslaughter.
Invictus  
#29 Posted : 01 March 2016 08:44:03(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Invictus

The 'no blame' culture is partly at fault and the reason I say this is, if there is nothing wrong with equipment etc. It is fully maintained etc. full training with refresher training is provided, the person is deemed as competent in his job, the correct PPE is provided and they still get hurt then the investigation must lead to the employee, even if he was not concentrating, had other things on his mind was talking to a colleague then the fault will be his. The problem with management systems people become to reliant on them, they also become reliant on risk assessments thinking that they have done what is legally required so that's it. They review periodically and that's it. I don't believe that risk assessments are effective in a hole host of situations, violence, people with ADHD a whole host of medically diagnosed illnesses. We kid ourselves that they can abnd we write them but dio we write them because it will stop injuries or do we write them because it is expected? I have recently been asked to risk assess anut allergy and the reason is it says Health and part of my title. I have told them no as the health I deal with is health issues that may come from our activities and they need to consult with the NHS.
jwk  
#30 Posted : 01 March 2016 09:34:14(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

Chris, this is a paper tiger. I don't know anybody who blames management system failures for every accident, I certainly don't. We just had an asbestos exposure, this was entirely due to somebody acting on their own initiative and with no reference to anybody or anything else. Not our fault, not a management system fault. I think the practitioner's skill is in knowing where the management system may have failed, and where it's got nothing to do with it, John
Invictus  
#31 Posted : 01 March 2016 09:36:43(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
Invictus

Quote=jack]Chris, this is a paper tiger. I don't know anybody who blames management system failures for every accident, I certainly don't. We just had an asbestos exposure, this was entirely due to somebody acting on their own initiative and with no reference to anybody or anything else. Not our fault, not a management system fault. I think the practitioner's skill is in knowing where the management system may have failed, and where it's got nothing to do with it, John
Agree, that is what I put in my post! I think there is too much reliance on the paper trail and not enough checking on working practices
biker1  
#32 Posted : 01 March 2016 11:36:27(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
biker1

jwk wrote:
Me, I don't think people now have any more or less a sense of personal responsibility than they have ever had. To take one example. When I was a kid local businesses had to put shutters on their shop windows on Saturdays because of the football crowds smashing windows on their way to the match. They don't now. What does the personal responsibility argument say about that. John
It could be because of several issues - falling attendance, changes in the mix of people attending the matches, general apathy etc. Sadly, the erosion of personal responsibiity starts at school. When I was young, if you got into trouble and were given the cane or slipper (ah, those were the days!), you kept quiet about it when you got home, as your parents would just tell you that you must have deserved it and you'd be in trouble at home as well. These days, teachers only have to shout at pupils and their parents are on to the school complaining, so the concept of discipline has been eroded, and children are not to be brought to book for their behaviour. Many homes don't instill a sense of boundaries to behaviour and personal responsibility. Then young people go to work, and discover that there are a multitude of ambulance chasing lawyers all too willing to take a case against someone else for your own stupidity. If anything bad happens, it's the management's fault, and health and safety only becomes important in many peoples' minds when something bad happens, then all of a sudden it's really important, and the management is to blame for bad health and safety when up to that point many employees disregarded the safety rules and got away with it. Or there again, I could be just cynical!
jwk  
#33 Posted : 01 March 2016 11:54:23(UTC)
Rank: Super forum user
jwk

Hi biker1, cynical possibly, but maybe also guilty of the very common fault of rose-tinted 20:20 hindsight. Pundits have been saying 'it was better when I was younger' since the very earliest writings we possess; all I can say is that the late bronze age must have been a veritable paradise. What I think is that it's possible to say 'some people seem to lack a sense of personal responsibility'. But as to whether that's more or fewer now than 20 or 30 years ago is anybody's guess ;-), John
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