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Electromagnetic fields, how can the associated hazards be identified
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Posted By James Cullen
I am looking for help on methods that can be used to determine whether or not electromagentic radiation fields represent a hazard.
The concern is would the magnetic field have an effect on pregnant employees and their unborn childern.
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Posted By Jack
What sort of environments are you talking about?
Suggest as first step you contact NRPB:
http://www.nrpb.org/
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Posted By Bob Pedley
James,
I have worked in the chemical industry where we had substantial electromagnectic fields generated around bus bars feeding cells producing sodium in one plant and chlorine in another.
The fields where high enough to wipe credit cards, slow watches and affect some types of pacemakers. Work close to the bars had to consider spanners and the like becoming stuck due to the power of the magnetic fields. The screens on video recorders became distorted in the area near to the cells.
A survey was carried out to measure the field around the bars. This indicated that the effects drop off dramatically the further away you where from them. No general health effects where spotlighted as being attributed to the fields.
You might try INEOS Chlor (formerly ICI) or Associated Octel as Chlorine manufacturers, or the Chemical Industries Association for a bit more up to date information.
Bob
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Posted By Jane Blunt
Dear James
You may need to distinguish between electric and magnetic fields. For some kinds of radiation, such as radio waves and light you get the two together.
For applications such as the (I guess) electrolysis described above, you get essentially a magnetic field only. Magnetic fields are generated by the passage of electric currents, and a bar carrying a large current will have a correspondingly high magnetic field around it.
Electric fields on the other hand are produced when there is a large potential difference (voltage), and so are quite large close to high tension distribution systems (pylons).
I have visited an aluminium smelter where the current was 149000 amps, but the voltage was only around 4 V. There, the magnetic field was very large, but the electric field was almost non-existent. Welders work quite close to a high magnetic field - especially if they drape the welding cable over their shoulder.
Fields do decay quite rapidly, and the decay depends a great deal on the shape of a source. Thus the field from a point source will decay more rapidly than the field from a long wire.
There is an excellent scientific overview of the effects of magnetic fields
'Static and low frequency magnetic field effects: health risks and therapies' by Robert Adair, in Rep. Prog. Phys. vol 63, (2000) pages 415-454.
The NRPB pages are well worth a look as mentioned above, as is the IEE site. I suggest you search 'field' or 'electromagnetic'.
Jane
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