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#1 Posted : 23 December 2003 12:37:00(UTC)
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Posted By Steve Holliday
Dear all,

I am embroiled in a situation that I would like to put to the good and great of this forum.

My factory operates a packing hall in an FMCG environment and we do not specify that operators wear safety footwear. This has been challenged by a junior manager new to the business (who has just passed their NEBOSH Cert.)

Approx. 20-30 people each shift work in the hall which is quite cramped and uses hand-jacks to move stacked pallets around.

Whilst there is no doubt that ‘Best Practice’ would dictate the issue of safety footwear, unfortunately I do not advise in a best practice environment and very much have to justify recommendations taking into account overall economic factors. (A scenario Dave Wilson preaches long and hard about in this very forum)

In this situation I believe the perception of risk does not equate to the reality. In two and a half years of accurate accident reporting not a single reportable incident has taken place with regards material handling and only 2 first aid incidents, that safety shoes would not have prevented. Balance this against the managerial and cost issues of supplying safety footwear for the area. Significant staff and agency throughput (due to the low skill level required this is normally the starting point in the business for all employees). There are also all the issues related issues of ensuring agency labour have been provided with PPE (another subject debated long and hard on this forum). I have recommended safety footwear as best practice but do not feel in a position to overtly challenge the decision not to issue.

Due to the financial realities of business I pick and chose my battles carefully in order to try to maintain improvement and this is one battle I have problems justifying. However, I do not want to alienate this new manager, but I feel there is a big difference with the ideology of formal training and business realities.

What to you all think? Have I sold out to the management?
Without going into deep risk management and human factors theory how do I argue against a “just because those are the facts does not make it right” position?


PS Happy Christmas to you all (even Jim).
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#2 Posted : 23 December 2003 12:56:00(UTC)
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Posted By Dave Wilson
No! you haven't it's always a battle mate.

Problem you have here buddy is that your management have gone a step forward and are looking at preventative safety which is a good thing and leaving behind the 'compliance with statute' as the goal. something which Andy Shaw was on about some time ago in the SHP.

I would enhance this mate and let him spend the money or do a RA with him as he will be 'experienced' in this as he has done the Cert, and cover all angles as he will decide the outcome, at this stage he may see this as not necessary or may deem it necessary.

This should in essence make your job easier ! a win win scenario management happy, staff happy and Safety manager happy.
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#3 Posted : 23 December 2003 16:05:00(UTC)
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Posted By Jim Walker
Also remember PPE is very low in the hierarchy and should only be used to control residual risk.

A Merry pagan festival hijacked by a, now(in this country), minoritory relgious group to you too, Steve.
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#4 Posted : 23 December 2003 17:01:00(UTC)
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Posted By Jim
Taking on board what you say I would suggest that you MAY well have been very LUCKY in the past?

All you need is the pain and suffering of one e.g. broken toe to tell you that the issue of safety footwear may very well have acted as the last line of defence and prevented the injury from being either not so serious or even no injury at all.

You already recognise that it is good practice to issue footwear (without getting too legal, wonder how that would stack up in court?)so why not just recognise that a fresh pair of eyes has pointed out a good safety improvement. This could be backed up by loads of bits and pieces that help to justify what makes it "good practice"

Merry Christmas and a Happy New year
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#5 Posted : 23 December 2003 17:13:00(UTC)
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Posted By Merv Newman
If anyone is interested, I can send them a photo of a safety shoe crushed under a forklift truck. The wearer managed to get his foot our with just a few scrapes (from the removal process). This temp worker had only been on the job, with his brand new safety shoes, for two hours. Lack of familiarity with a high risk environment could explain, partly, the accident
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#6 Posted : 23 December 2003 22:46:00(UTC)
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Posted By Stuart Nagle
Steve.

I don't think you have lost the plot, just taken into consideration facts that relate to the low risk (proven by your stats) of the potential for an accident in the environs you speak of in the factory.

However, don't be driven aginst the move forward here by the new manager. He obviously has concerns over this issue and moves to 'improve' safety in such a manner have a direct bearing on the safety culture and will further enhance it for you.

I suggest the following action:

1) Drag out your risk assessments for this work and review them. Consider all facts, including accidents and near misses in the past.

2) Talk to and engage the employees to gain their views on the provision of safety footware as an improvement in safety measures. It may be that some accidents where the occassional dropped package hits a foot goes unreported!!

3) Investigate the market for types and costs of protective footware suitable for use in this environment and prepare a simple report for the manager

4) Support the manager in his assertive stance for improvements. This can be done by employing serveral factors;

- Accidents involving foot injuries in the industry (bearing in mind that the vast majority of employees wear steel toecapped footwear. Low figures may in fact prove that the protection works rather than little incidence of accidents.

- Consult with your companies Employers Liability Insurers and get their views/input on the suggested improvement and ask how your company compares with others they insure in similar industrial situations.

- Look at the liabilities and costs if something were to go awry and an accident did occur. Whilst they may be few, heavy loads falling generally tend to have high level consequences and typically high costs in court fees and claims, without all the added costs associated.

- After doing this you should be able to balance the reasonableness of the improvement against the risk of the hazard being realised.

One writer above mentions, correctly, that PPE is only intended to be provided to guard against residual risk from the work activity. Therefore I would suggest that an appraisal of improvements in the workplace (i.e. engineering improvements) should also be made to see if the hazard can be reduced and the costs weighed against those protective footwear, thus meeting the 'so far as is reasonably practicable' element. This may well significantly enhance the comparitively low cost option of supplying protective footwear.

Whilst this may seem a little drawn out, I believe it will provide a full and practical reporting approach that no one could argue with in respect of doing all that was necessary to ensure the safety and health of your company's employees (agency as well), and would serve both with the new manager and the board who will no doubt have to approve costs, as well as yourself.

Hope this provides some ideas for you...
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#7 Posted : 24 December 2003 10:43:00(UTC)
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Posted By peter gotch
Steve,

Taking into account your email address, I suggest that just because one of your operatives has not slipped on a banana skin in the last two years does not indicate that slips, trips and falls are not a risk.

Similarly lack of any incidents involving eg pallet slipping and falling onto a foot does not indicate lack of risk.

Obviously you need to prioritise but it seems to me that you should be encouraging the proactive approach of your new NEBOSH'd manager.

Seasons Geestings

Peter
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#8 Posted : 24 December 2003 11:15:00(UTC)
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Posted By John Webster
Steve

You state "In two and a half years of accurate accident reporting not a single reportable incident has taken place".

I note your use of the qualification "reportable". Are you sure all employees are encouraged to report EVERY incident and especially near miss that could have resulted in injury? Or do you only encourage reporting of actual injury needing some sort of attention?

If so, the basis of your reluctance to provide safety footwear is fatally flawed.
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#9 Posted : 24 December 2003 12:41:00(UTC)
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Posted By Geoff Burt
I must say I'm surprised to hear a safety professional saying 'we haven't had an accident yet'. Hope you were touching wood when you said that.

Why bandy words about guys?

On the facts as supplied, safety shoes should be issued as a matter of course for that type of work.


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#10 Posted : 24 December 2003 13:44:00(UTC)
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Posted By Pedro Luís Sande Taborda Nunes de Oliveira
Dear Steve,

In Portugal, we have a saying that states: "So many times the cup goes to the fountain, that one day it will get broke".
In my opinion, you should support your new manager, because I totally agree that "the big problem with risk is that the possibility of an uncontrolled event occurring may be the next time". (in "Operational Analysis Control Model - ISSA Paris 2001" by Philip and Ciaran MacAleenan).

In the 52000 seat football stadium where I work I must not forget this because with so many safety measures existing in a brand new stadium it is very easy to be complacent.

Have a Merry Christmas and a Happy 2004

Pedro
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#11 Posted : 24 December 2003 14:09:00(UTC)
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Posted By Jay Joshi
The guidance to the Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (L 25) clearly indicates that mechanical and manual handling in the list of processes and activities with examples of activities and processes involving risks to the feet.


It states that there may be a risk of objects falling on or crushing the front of the foot. There may be a risk of a fall through slipping which could result in damage to the heel on impact. There is also a danger of treading on pointed or sharp objects which can penetrate the shoe and injure the sole of the foot


In the worst case scenario, the enforcement authorities will determine whether your risk assessment was suitable & sufficient. You also need to note that the concept of "so far as is reasonably practicable" does not consider the "cost" and /or difficulty of the control measure of an individual employer's financial circumstances, but what is "SFAIRP" in overall/general terms.

Considering that the cost of safety shoes is insignificant in comparision to the extent of the potential injury should there be a fall of the items or slips to an individual, I very much doubt that a risk assessment will indicate any other outcome other than to provide safety shoes--the exception being the weight of the item to be low so as not to cause an injury!

Even other HSE guidance on maual handling and health and safety in retail/wholesale warehouses recommends safety shoes for these activities as an additional control measure (of last resort)




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#12 Posted : 25 December 2003 15:41:00(UTC)
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Posted By Steve Holliday
Thanks to all that have responded so far.

(If you are wondering why I am posting a response on Xmas Day the answer is simple, nephew with new electric guitar! Distance used as main control measure. If grammar is poor may apologies but the secondary control, alcohol, is likely to be the cause)

The points raised are all valid and have been considered, but without writing a ten page posting it is hard to give a full picture. The exception being Peter’s, as my company has not been in the banana business for over a decade, sorry to ruin your analogy.

To clarify some main points.

Accident stats have only been used as a guide in the RA process and not the defining piece of the puzzle. I myself use the line “You’ve not had an accident! Have you been working safely or have you been lucky?” in training courses about accidents. Luck certainly plays a part and the one accident may be just around the corner, but no employees have been struck by lightning either, should controls be set for this?

Near misses are rarely reported, however talking to the employees working in the area is often more valuable that trying to form a pattern from near-miss data. (I find that in all but the most advanced safety cultures, most near misses are reported by a small number of individuals, sometimes trying to make a point. This does not detract from reporting near misses but the results need to be interpreted carefully)

FLT’s and POEP’s do not operate in this area, safety shoes are mandatory where they do.

Individual items are relatively light and unlikely to cause anything other than minor bruising if dropped. Loaded pallets are the main concern.

Three consecutive safety reps have agreed with the decision.

I am desperate to encourage this new manager; however they have issues that should be a higher priority to deal with. My point about being a new Cert holder is that I feel that as the cert tends to give standard solutions to standard scenario’s new holders tend to jump in without taking the big picture into account as people with diploma’s and other higher learning will tend to do. It should also be noted that the manager mentioned does not have the authority to allocate the money required.

The reason behind my thread title is this. Is this such an obvious and easy fix that I should stop with all the complicated justifications and considerations of the big picture and agree that safety shoes should be specified? There is only a finite pot of money, despite all the valid reasons for spending it, but is it worth the risk of spending it on this, which I still see as low risk, and maybe not having the money available to upgrade a machinery guard from the legal minimum with a greater potential for injury?

Answers are always easier with hindsight and in the ideal world, shame it’s not that easy the rest of the time. Still if it was that easy there would be nothing for us to do, as managers could sort safety out without us!
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#13 Posted : 26 December 2003 12:09:00(UTC)
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Posted By John Murgatroyd
Part of the reason why near misses are not reported may be because most managers don't want to hear them anyway.
The general attitude is that of "was anyone injured. No. Then don't bother"
When I reported that the lock on the swing-down guillotine guard had been cut off, and people were working without the guard, I was just told to mind my own business. I think a line has to be drawn between those who report things just to be awkward, and those who report things LIKELY to lead to accidents. But then, which is which ?
Many accidents also go unrecorded (not unreported) because of the time and paperwork needed. Agreed, small accidents resulting in very minor injuries should be noted...but many aren't. Then again, with employers liability insurance a rapidly growing high-cost item today, the incentive have no accidents at all is very high.
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#14 Posted : 29 December 2003 10:20:00(UTC)
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Posted By Chris Abbott
Sometimes the simple solutions can result in the highest rewards...

As many of you know, I'm quite new to this role, but there is one thing that is beaten into you when you qualify :

It is not sufficient to control a risk, if it can be easily be eliminated. I know it can be very difficult (if not impossible) to completely eliminate the potential for injury but as I said, this message is drummed into you constantly along with responsibilities etc etc..

Management can be seen as a hindrance, maybe your new manager is just trying to show you that he can break the mould?

Happy new year!

Chris



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#15 Posted : 29 December 2003 11:08:00(UTC)
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Posted By Geoff Burt
'Luck certainly plays a part and the one accident may be just around the corner, but no employees have been struck by lightning either, should controls be set for this?'.

That's an odd response Steve, you did ask for comments!

Would seem to me the overall feedback is to supply safety shoes - perhaps your manager is right?

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#16 Posted : 31 December 2003 16:53:00(UTC)
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Posted By Ian Waldram
Well done Steve for trying to take a balanced approach, including the practical managerial issues which you detail and no one seems to feel worth commenting on.

I do concur that you need to get alongside your newly-trained colleague and help him to constructively challenge the existing risk assessment, in case it has weaknesses that those involved to date, including you and the 3 employee reps, may have overlooked. But it seems to me that you have a pretty sound case - a key point is to demonstrate to him (and thus to others who will jump on you and the management if/when someone does injure their toes) is what is being done with the cash that would otherwise be spent on endless pairs of shoes. As long as you can show you're reducing some higher risk it is money/effort well-expended.

A problem we have in UK is that few are prepared to stand up and resist 100% conformity to 'established good practice', even when it is pretty clear that such practice was adopted long before the days of formal risk assessments, and possibly when the work environment was quite different. Sometimes we need to be brave enough to say that some 'standard precautions' are NOT cost-effective. [My personal favourite in this area is life-jackets on fixed-wing passenger aircraft. Does anyone know of a single life saved by these in recent years - and what is the cost of providing them on global airlines, including the regular overhaul, replacement of CO2 cartidges, etc? But who has been brave enough to present the argument to ICAO etc? - not even Andy Shaw I don't believe!! I'm very willing to be told the life-jackets ARE cost-effective, but perhaps in another thread, as I think Steve should be allowed to reserve this one for shoes in a low-risk environment].

By the way, do all those respondents who advocate shoes in this workplace insist on them for ALL employees? If not, what criteria have they set for how low the risk must before safety footwear isn't compulsory? - and don't say that you are just following 'established good practice' by not insisting on them within office environments, that's a cop out as it means you don't actually believe Steve's site-specific risk assessment, which should be weighted more highly than a generic approach!
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