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Occupational health surveillance v Human Rights Act
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Posted By Teresa Green
I was told yesterday by our Occ Health Provider that even if health surveillance has been identified by risk assessment then employees can refuse to take part. Apparently the Human Rights Act allows this. Does anyone else have experience of this? (This isn't meant to spark a debate on whether the HRA is good or bad legislation). If so how did you handle this?
Regards,
Teresa
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Posted By Alexander Falconer
Theresa
I would be careful of taking such advice
The HaSaWA 1974 makes it a legal duty for employees to co-operate with their employers
Theresfore if employees refuse to participate in health surviellance = there will be an increasing likelihood of them being able to do their job.
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Posted By Andrew Meiklejohn
I would also be concerned about this, as an employer and employee can have actions against them instigated for not following a risk assessement
Can you be more specific about which part of the HRA they believe thay have protection?
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Posted By Teresa Green
Apparently it's because the management regs, for example, are all about what the employer must do and not what the employee must do. I would have thought that health & safety legislation would have premacy (is that a real word) but this might not be the case. Going to check it out with our legal advisors anyway.
teresa
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Posted By Andrew Meiklejohn
The only thing i think it could be is Article 8 - the right to respect privacy and family life.
As far as I am aware.
HRA only affects government bodies etc
However the HRA does not allow a court to overcome an Act of Parliament and it is likely to issue a declaration of incompatibility.
Furthermore Article 8 is a qualified Right and can be overidden in certain circumstances.
But to be prudent I would still take legal advice.
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Posted By Diane Thomason
I'd be interested to know whether it is in fact the HRA that allows people to refuse.
People do have an existing right (nothing to do with HRA) to refuse to consent to a medical procedure, e.g. vaccination, or anything invasive such as a blood test.
People can also decline to allow their GP to be contacted for medical records. Again, they were able to do this long before the HRA.
I'd be very interested to hear whether your legal dept. know of any genuine get-out for health surveillance using the HRA, and in particular any case law or precedents within other employers.
Surely when HS is legally required (e.g. working with lead), if the employee refused, the employer would be breaking the law - I can't believe the HRA would allow the employee to refuse and yet still have the right to be employed doing that work.
Employment law (contract of employment etc) also surely applies?
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Posted By Alexander Falconer
Like Andrew, I could only think of section 8 of the HRA.
It is possible there may be some confusion & misinterpretation - in relation to "surviellance"
Whilst the individual has a right to privacy under section 8, there is the aspect of intrusion via surviellance (ie investigation & spying to collect evidence) as opposed to medical surviellance where evidence is gathered to identify if there is a potential risk of harm to the employee.
The HRA also mentions the employers obligations ie HaSaW 1974 and the duties imposed.
I am now 99% convinced that this takes precedence, therefore the employee is wrong in refusing to participate in any medical/health surviellance - this then can be subject to further disciplinary proceedings for failing to cooperate with the employer under HaSaWA.
I would double check with a legal expert, but I am convinced.
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Posted By John Murgatroyd
Many employees are unwilling to undergo any medical inspection because their employer does not keep the information secure, and they are quite right in that respect. Many employers do not keep records secure, and in many cases the information is open to anyone to inspect who knows where it is kept.
Just because your company has reason to carry-out medical surveillance on an employee does not mean that every tom dick or harriet in staff have a (or any) right to access the records. It may be that the doctor or health professional may refuse you access to the information. In any case, you have, in many cases, to keep the information available for 40 years....securely.
The again, you may be one of the large amount of employers who use the law regarding surveillance to glean information to end the employment of someone....and you wonder why employees regard such procedures with suspicion !
In any case, if the information is available to those who do not have a strict right-to-know, the company would most certainly be in contravention of the data protection act.
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Posted By John Mackessack
I agree with Alex.
In addition to HSWA duties, CoSHH is pretty clear about the employees duty regarding health surveillance in Reg 11(8).
Human rights are not much use when you are dead.
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