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Fire Risk Assessment - escape routes minimum widths
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Posted By David c Wilson
Dear All,
I am reviewing a FRA after alterations to a open plan office.They have had screening installed which has left 60cm gaps on the escape routes. There is a 1020cm gap at one end of the office, which accesses one fire exit.
Most regulations state a minimum of 75cm, but the approved document b (fire safety) states the width may be reduced to 53 cm for gangways between fixed storage racking other than in public areas.
I spoke to the local fire safety officer who was unaware of this - he said he would enforce a minimum of 75cm!
Do i stick to my guns and approve the 60cm gap with no public access?
Please help.
Mny thanks,
David.
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Posted By shaun mckeever
It depends David.
What does your risk assesment say in terms of flow rate of occupants through the gap? Will you get queuing? Have you got disabled persons in wheelchairs who might need to access the gap?
You can deviate from prescribed/recommended standards so long as you can justify what you are doing.
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Posted By Gff
do your screens constitute fixed storage gangways IE aisles between shelving?
Don't think so! your describing a walkway/escape route
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Posted By David c Wilson
Thanks Shaun,
The flowrate would be 20-30, minimal queuing with no disabled or young workers.The actual amount allowed is now upto 60 persons.I think its adequate if we established a designated route with tape etc?
Any thoughts?
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Posted By David c Wilson
Hi Gff,
The screens are fixed acoustic partitions, roughly down the middle of the office. There are 3 gaps x 60 cm and one of 1020cm. There are upto 48 persons in this half of the office.
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Posted By David c Wilson
Dear All,
Just to let you know how things are progressing.I have spoken to two fire safety officers with years & years of experience. One said 'he would issue an enforcememt notice', the other said like Shaun, if i can justify my decision with management controls - stick by it. However be prepared to stand up in court & justify it.
I do personally feel it is sufficiant, but why put my head & reputation on the line for a company who are paying me a moderate fee for my opinion.The cost of alterations will only run into a few thousand pounds?
The regulations are only guidance & it will be down to the judges interpretation on the day!
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Posted By Gff
The prosecution would bring in expert witness to discredit you one from fire, one from safety and one from design/planning possibly so you would have to happy that you can really justify it
Whats in it 150mm. You would probably get away with it what are the chances of the occupation levels increasing in the future
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Posted By Gff
just a though do the screens run end to end or parallel if end to end are the gaps between them, and how long are the panels
Im trying to get a picture of what your describing
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Posted By David c Wilson
Hi Gff,
The office is approx 250m2, the panel runs end to almost end!There is a gap of 1020mm at one exit then two gaps x 60cm one being at the opposite end & one more x 45cm.The capacity is 48 on the affected side ( actual occupancy is 40).The panels are approx 6m between gaps.I hope that makes sense?
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Posted By Steve Derby
On a completely different line, what a pity this Company didn't ask your opinion before carrying out the work.
Having experienced similar (albeit as an employed advisor) in the past, we introduced a policy that all capital expenditure project requests were accompanied by risk assessments.
The effect was that project managers tended to come and see me before they submitted their requests to the powers that be. If they didn't, no matter because the risk assessments would come to me before the project was approved.
Hard to tell but it probably saved a lot of money in avoiding further alterations; it's always cheaper to get it right first time.
Just a thought, hope its useful
Steve
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Posted By David c Wilson
Steve,
You are spot on, if they had applied for an alterations notice, they would have got it right first time. This is the trouble with companies who put their head of H&S through 1 week of training (Management of H&S IOSH), they think they know it all!
When will companies wake up and take H&S seriously.
It makes our work as independant advisers a lot tougher.
I question the company that installed the partitions, they must be aware of escape routes??
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Posted By Granville Jenkins
If there is an accident/incident in the office space because the aisles were to narrow it will be for you and your client to prove in a court of law that the actions that have been either met or exceeded the relevant guidance/standards. If you and your client cannot prove that the recommended guidance has been met you will be found guilty under section 2 (safety of employees)and perhaps also section 3 (safety of others affected by their acts or omissions) of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, which carries a personal maximum fine of £20,000 and/or 2 years in prison, plus the company would be fined.
I would therefore suggest that you and your client review their position, and you would be well advised to listen to the fire officer who has already forewarned you that they would issue an enforcement notice in such situations.
On a personal note I have never seen a fire escape route as narrow as 450mm nor 600mm for that matter and would say that such widths are totally inappropriate.
Regards
Granville
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Posted By Andrew Joule Land
I agree with the fireman - if it is an escape route 75cm - this distance figure is the minimum required.
60cm I believe refers to the distance behind occupants chair to a fixed surface (wall) sitting at a work station - only one or two people - it is not a main throughfare. the other example the distance between file shelves - this again is for limited egress of one or two people from an area.
I have been faced with similar circumstance - a department manager decided he would put filing shelves in the access corridor - I had them dismantled packed up and returned to the store. the person in question confronted me . basically I asked him If I was was to raise a safety violation report how lucky do you feel!
These distances may be found in some local building planning department occupation standards
HSE also issue a pamphlet on the subject.
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Posted By GT
David, In respect to your flow rate can I ask how you determined this?
What is the occupant load factor for this floor you occupy?
How many exit routes do you require?
What number of exit widths would be required.
These factors along with those stated by Shaun and yourself should answer your question.
Hopes this helps
GT
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Posted By David c Wilson
Thanks again, there is a lot of food for thought.I do appreciate the potential of the situation.I am an operational firefighter with 21 years experience as well as a safety practioner. Each Fire Safety Officer has a different opinion, three have said i could justify it & only one has said he would enforce it (he was not aware of approved document b - notes).Two gaps of 750mm would be sufficiant for 40 persons in this half of the office. I have 4 gaps with an aggregate of 667.5cm per gap which in my eyes would be better than 2 of 750cm.I am visiting the office on Friday to make a decision, the cowardly side of me says enforce - 2 gaps - losing other gaps in the process. However the other side of me says this is not better, in fact it is worse than the current situation.Would anyone back my decision?
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Posted By Ian P
Depends on the layout of the room and where the flow of traffic would be directed by furnishings and other obstacles otherwise having 4 slightly narrower gaps rather than 2 regulation sized ones sounds safer to me.
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Posted By David c Wilson
Thank you Ian, that is my take on the situation.
Approved document B says the gangways can be reduced to 530mm for gangways with no public access.
The company has an Fr2 automatic fire alarm, all staff have fire awareness training with fire wardens & marshalls on each floor and the office is a very low risk environment.
The company says it has to relocate in the next 12 months as well.
However, i still feel an engineering solution on the screens is the best route so we are above well above the minimum requirements.
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Posted By David c Wilson
To update you, i have decided to insist on two gaps with a minimum of 750mm and keep the other gaps.
I feel there is no definite answer and reluctantly feel that i have to cover my back.
We need 1 clear set of guidelines, instead of leaving it to the practioners interpretation.
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Posted By garyh
On a broader note, as the Fire Brigade is no longer formally involved (no fire certificates) precisely when do fire risk assessments get any scrutiny by the brigade?
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Posted By Adrian Watson
David,
I think that 750 mm is the correct answer for the minimum width of escape routes. My reading of Table 4 is that the 530 mm reduction is only for gangways between racking in storerooms. Partitions are not racking!
Regards Adrian
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Posted By Ian P
FRAs will be the first thing fire officers ask for when they vist I would guess. They are still going to be inspecting premises and I know of at least one brigade who has a long term plan to inspect every office, shop, factory etc. on their patch within the next 2 years, prioritsing the higher risk ones. Whether they have the resources for that is another question.
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Posted By David c Wilson
Thanks Adrian - that was how i interpreted the regs in the end. No Fire safety officer would say yes or no, but said i would have to justify my reasons in court.
The company in question took my explanation well and are adjusting the premises this weekend.
To answer GaryH - the brigade are putting massive rescourses into fire safety as they know most fire risk assessments will be far from adequate, so they will start with the higher risks and work their way around.
Also if you had a fire or incident they will ask for the FRA and as mentioned the practioner will face upto a £20,000 fine or upto 2 years in prison. As for the company their fine could run into 6 figures.
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