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Currently studying Unit C of Nebosh Diploma. I am working in construction, but electricity is my weakest subject so really need to swot up.
I appreciate that there are lots of factors involved, current, frequency etc. I am only looking for a general answer to the following questions.
a) Does AC make you throw off or hold on? b) Does DC make you throw off or hold on?
I have asked the above to over 10 individuals, which varying responses. Many holding very senior positions in construction. All constructive (no pun intended) feedback is much appreciated.
Thanks Pauline
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Rank: Super forum user
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Pauline
1) AC has a tendency to throw you off 2) DC has a tendency to draw you in
...but don't try it out.
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I'm not sure of the exact physiological reason why but direct current (DC) interferes with nerve signals resulting in muscle cramping and spasms which lead the muscles to contract and thus would cause the person affected to grasp the area of contact uncontrollably and therefore produces the "drawing in effect. The person feels the shock but cannot let go because of the muscle contraction.
Alternating current (AC) does not produce this effect because the polarity alternates several times per second. This does not cause the muscles to contract uncontrollably and therefore the natural reaction to the shock is to immediately release whatever caused the shock. Hence the feeling of being thrown off. That is my understanding, but I'm not sure and may be talking rubbish.
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Rank: Super forum user
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Hi Ray - not according to this source: http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/ ...AC produces extended muscle contraction (tetany), which may freeze the hand to the current's source, prolonging exposure. DC is most likely to cause a single convulsive contraction, which often forces the victim away from the current's source. Apparently it works like this: This problem is especially dangerous if the victim contacts an energized conductor with his or her hands. The forearm muscles responsible for bending fingers tend to be better developed than those muscles responsible for extending fingers, and so if both sets of muscles try to contract because of an electric current conducted through the person's arm, the "bending" muscles will win, clenching the fingers into a fist. If the conductor delivering current to the victim faces the palm of his or her hand, this clenching action will force the hand to grasp the wire firmly, thus worsening the situation by securing excellent contact with the wire. The victim will be completely unable to let go of the wire. Of course - you can't believe everything you read on the interweb. No doubt there will be no agreement on this then... Sorry Pauline! Best wishes.
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Just googled it and ahoskins is quite correct. I knew I was talking rubbish. AC holds on, DC throws off. Got the reasons partially correct, just the wrong way around. Sorry.
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All I can say is that I have worked in the railway industry for nearly 30 years and all my training and knowledge during that period has been on the basis of my previous post. Not tried it myself, but a colleague who is now a railway trainer told me of a story where he stepped on a DC rail (@400v) and could not free himself, meanwhile a train was fast approaching...he survived.
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This just proves the danger of not knowing who you are listening to here?
When I was a trainee fireman I was taught to search buildings in the dark, and smoke. I was taught to lead with the back of the hand because if making contact with a live cable the hand would immediately grasp the live end, and not let go.
I believed it then, and still do.
Further I always believed it to be the case with AC current.
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I should have added that if the back of the hand made contact the power would cause the hand to bounce away instead of grasping the cable.
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found this:
Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume I – DC By Tony R. Kuphaldt Fifth Edition, last update October 18, 2006
How AC affects the body depends largely on frequency. Low-frequency (50- to 60-Hz) AC is used in US (60 Hz) and European (50 Hz) households; it can be more dangerous than high-frequency AC and is 3 to 5 times more dangerous than DC of the same voltage and amperage. Low-frequency AC produces extended muscle contraction (tetany), which may freeze the hand to the current’s source, prolonging exposure. DC is most likely to cause a single convulsive contraction, which often forces the victim away from the current’s source.
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Rank: Super forum user
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I am not going to provide a definitive answer because I can't remember, all the points made here are valid, and there is a distinct difference IIRC, but I probably cant! If you see the following link you can get the HSE take: http://www.hse.gov.uk/electricity/faq.htm#acdcThis refers to PD6519 effects of electric current on human beings & livestock, which has been superseded by DD IEC/TS 60479-1:2005. I have not got the opportunity to check my copies, but, if I get a chance I will. The best answer… Don’t touch it! ;-)) HTH Paul
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Rank: Forum user
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Thank you to everyone who took the time to respond.
You have confirmed my thoughts that there is a variety of opinions out there. For the purpose of my exam, AC is more dangerous and the individual is far more likely to come into contact with an AC source than a DC source, so that sorts that. I do not supervise electrical work, however obviously I need to raise my knowledge to a level where I have a clear understanding of how it works and its effects.
Having spoken to many individuals, other H&S advisors, senior electricians, lecturers - all with lots of experience and whose opinions I value, I will remain open minded and as they say 'don't try this at home'.
Cheers
Pauline
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Rank: Super forum user
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Probably wish you'd never asked...
I think the other learning outcome from this is that if you are holding on to or grab hold of an item which is or becomes live you are more likely to become locked on rather than thrown off.
For no apparent reason (but I now appreciate why) I have always (when I thought I needed to check) brushed the backs of my fingers against such electrical equipment before actually catching hold of it!
Good luck with Unit C.
Alan
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